摘要
黑脸琵鹭Platalea minor栖息地斑块化导致了其种群规模、地理分布和栖息地利用率都发生了变化,并阻碍了它们的迁移和扩散,构建功能性生态廊道逐渐成为降低这些影响的最有效手段之一。功能性生态廊道的连接是基于物种的扩散实现的,然而扩散是最难表观的参数之一。这导致了功能性生态廊道在构建时面临着巨大的困难,主要包括(1)如何表观物种的扩散趋势;(2)如何利用物种扩散模式确定功能性生态廊道踏脚石的间距值。鉴于此,以2010—2020年广东沿海地区的黑脸琵鹭为研究对象,利用物种扩散模型,获得了它们的扩散意愿链、踏脚石间距值的估算方法,并完成了功能性生态廊道的空间布局。结果如下:(1)黑脸琵鹭具有北向、东向和西向的扩散意愿链;(2)功能性生态廊道踏脚石间的适宜间距为33~50 km;(3)以此间距为参考,构建功能性生态廊道,可以保持黑脸琵鹭中等强度的扩散强度,以稳定种群的扩散加速度,避免过高或过低的增长速度,从而更好的发挥扩散的源汇效应。
Fragmentation of the habitat of black-faced spoonbills (Platalea minor) has resulted in changes to their population size,geographic distribution and habitat utilization,and has hindered their migration and dispersal.It is becoming increasingly accepted that the construction of functional ecological corridors is one of the most effective ways to mitigate these effects.Although functional ecological corridors aim to facilitate the dispersal of species,dispersal is particularly difficult to illustrate for rare and endangered species.This has hindered the planning for the establishment of functional ecological corridors,including (1) how to illustrate the dispersal patterns of a species,and (2) establish the distances between intermediate refuges within functional ecological corridors through using a species dispersal model.This had resulted in the dispersal characteristics of species being insufficiently considered within the establishment of many functional ecological corridors.Using P.minor within the coastal areas of Guangdong,Hong Kong and Macao from 2010 to 2020,the present study applied species dispersal models to establish dispersal patterns for this species,distances between intermediate refuges and the spatial layout of functional ecological corridors.The results showed that (1)P.minor tend to disperse in northward,eastward,and westward directions.(2) The study calculated an optimal distance of 33–50 km between intermediate refuges along the functional ecological corridor.(3) These results indicate that the establishment of a functional ecological corridor can maintain sufficient levels of population dispersal to avoid excessively high or low growth rates,thereby benefitting from the import and export effects of dispersal.This study therefore provides a theoretical basis for the effective protection of P.minor.
作者
杨锡涛
钟志强
修晨
林少娜
李艺
曾向武
段智钊
谢首冕
YANG Xitao;ZHONG Zhiqiang;XIU Chen;LIN Shaona;LI YiZENG Xiangwu;DUAN Zhizhao;XIE Shoumian(College of Wildlife and Protected Area,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150040,China;Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization/Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization,Institute of Zoology/Guangdong Academy of Science,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510260,China;Xiyan Natural Resources Technology(Guangzhou)Co.,Ltd,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510300,China;Guangdong Haifeng Avian Natural Reserve,Shanwei,Guangdong 516400,China;College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou,Guangdong510225,China)
出处
《林业与环境科学》
2022年第2期12-22,共11页
Forestry and Environmental Science
基金
广东海丰鸟类省级自然保护区科学研究项目(440000-202004-199042-0005),广东海丰鸟类省级自然保护区湿地监测和宣传教育项目(440001-2021-48466)
广东省科学院发展专项资金项目(2019GDASYL-0105045),广东省科学院科技发展专项(2018GDASCX-0107)。
关键词
黑脸琵鹭
扩散
栖息地
保护
生态廊道
black-faced spoonbills(Platalea minor)
dispersal
habitat
protection
ecological corridors
