摘要
农村正规金融政策精准落地是实现乡村振兴,促进农户生计策略向好、向优发展的关键。基于可持续生计理论,利用CFPS的微观调查数据,运用Simpson指数和多项选择模型(M-Logit),分析正规借贷嵌入和农户生计策略,探讨正规借贷嵌入对农户生计选择的影响。结果表明,农户生计抉择有务农主导型、创业主导型和务工主导型三种,不论农户是否正规借贷,创业主导型占比均最低,务工主导型占比均最高。正规借贷农户创业主导型和务工主导型占比均高于未正规借贷农户,但务农主导型占比低于未正规借贷农户。务农主导型和务工主导型农户正规借贷以小额贷款为主,而创业主导型农户正规借贷额度整体较高。正规借贷显著促进了农户创业主导型或务工主导型生计策略的选择,且对创业主导型生计策略的促进作用更明显(2.436>1.371),正规借贷额度显著促进了农户创业主导型生计策略的选择,但对务工主导型生计策略的影响程度并不明显。正规借贷对中部和东部地区农户选择创业主导型生计策略的影响效应较大,务工主导型次之;东北地区正规借贷农户更倾向于选择务农主导型生计策略,务工主导型次之。此外,农户生计策略还受到户主因素、家庭因素和社区因素等相关特征变量不同程度的影响。因此,提出构建多层次、多元化的金融服务体系与产品;加大正规借贷农业投资;细化“创业贷”分类与优惠政策;依据地区差异采取有效借贷措施,促进农户生计策略优化转型的政策建议。
The precise implementation of rural formal financial policies is a key to realizing rural revitalization and promoting healthier development of rural households’livelihood strategies.Based on the micro-survey data of the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)and applying the sustainable livelihood theory,this paper analyzed the formal loan embedding and rural households’livelihood strategies by the Simpson index and the M-Logit model and discussed the impacts of formal loan embedding on households’livelihood choices.Results show that there are three types of livelihood choices for households:agriculture-oriented,entrepreneurship-oriented,and work-oriented.Regardless of whether households have regular loans or not,entrepreneurship-oriented accounts for the lowest share,while workoriented accounts for the highest share.The shares of entrepreneurship-oriented and work-oriented households with formal loans are higher than those without formal loans,but the share of agriculture-oriented households is lower than those without formal loans.The formal loans of households dominated by agriculture and labor are mainly small loans,while the formal loans of households dominated by entrepreneurship are generally larger.Formal loans significantly promoted the choice of entrepreneurial-oriented or job-oriented livelihood strategies of households,and the promotion effects are more obvious(2.436>1.371).The amount of formal loan significantly promotes the choice of entrepreneurialoriented livelihood strategies of rural households,but the influence degree of job-oriented livelihood strategy is not obvious.The effect of formal loan on the choice of entrepreneurial oriented livelihood strategy in central and eastern regions is greater,followed by the job-oriented livelihood strategy.In northeast China,households with regular loan tend to choose the agriculture-oriented livelihood strategy,followed by the job-oriented livelihood strategy.In addition,the households’livelihood strategies are also affected by household head factors,family factors,and community factors to varying degrees.Therefore,to promote households’livelihood strategy optimization and transformation according to regional differences,this paper suggests:building a multi-level and diversified financial service system and products,increasing agricultural investment through formal loan,refining the classification and preferential policies of“start-up loans”,and taking effective lending measures.
作者
杨晓燕
夏咏
YANG Xiao-yan;XIA Yong(Colloge of Economics and Management,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052,China)
出处
《农业现代化研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期444-454,共11页
Research of Agricultural Modernization
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(71763027)
新疆自然科学基金项目(2021D01A81)。
