摘要
青藏高原东部属于生态脆弱区,对该区域进行景观格局的生态安全研究有助于促进生态系统可持续发展,对提高青藏高原生态系统稳定性具有重要意义。本文采用2000、2005、2010和2015年4个时期的遥感数据对青藏高原东部典型区进行基于景观格局的生态安全变化分析,利用遥感手段将遥感影像解译分类,进行土地利用变化分析,通过构建景观干扰度、景观安全度指数完成景观格局的时空变化分析。结果表明:(1)研究时间跨度内,水域、草地、城乡、工矿、居民地的面积呈增加趋势,林地、耕地和未利用土地的面积逐渐减少;(2)景观优势度较大的是草地和林地,而城乡、工矿、居民地的干扰度、破碎度和分离度较大;未利用土地、耕地、林地的生态安全度有所下降,城乡、工矿、居民地与水域的生态安全度有所上升;(3)耕地、草地、水域、城乡、工矿、居民地和未利用土地一直处于重警区,林地则处于较安全区;研究区内整体生态安全水平呈先上升再略下降的趋势,说明该地区生态环境在逐步改善后又受到轻微干扰,应采取措施进一步改善生态环境以提升生态安全度。
The eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is an ecologically fragile region.Studies on the ecological security of landscape pattern in this region are helpful for promoting the sustainable development of the ecosystems and improving the stability of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ecosystem.In this study,the land use data of 2000,2005,2010,and 2015 in eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were used to analyze the ecological security change based on landscape pattern.The remote sensing images were interpreted and classified by means of remote sensing technology,and the land use change was analyzed.Furthermore,the spatiotemporal variations of landscape pattern were analyzed by constructing landscape disturbance index and landscape security index.The results showed that:(1)Water body,grassland,urban and rural area,industrial and mining area,and residential area in research region showed an increasing trend,while woodland,cropland and unused land showed a decreasing trend.(2)Grassland and woodland were the dominant landscape,while urban and rural area,industrial and mining area,and residential area had higher interference,fragmentation and separation degrees.The ecological security of unused land,cropland and woodland decreased,while that of urban and rural area,industrial and mining area,residential area and waterbody increased.(3)Cropland,grassland,waterbody,urban and rural area,industrial and mining area,residential area,and unused land had always stayed in the heavy warning level,while woodland was at a relatively safe level.The overall ecological security in eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau rose first and then fell slightly,indicating that the ecological environment in this region was gradually improved and then slightly disturbed.Measures improving the ecological environment should be taken to further enhance the ecological security.
作者
冯朝晖
李宣瑾
胡健
王凌青
FENG Zhao-hui;LI Xuan-jin;HU Jian;WANG Ling-qing(Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Foreign Eiwironmental Cooperation Center,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100035,China;Research Center for Eco-Erwiron-mental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期1188-1196,共9页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK1003)资助。
关键词
土地利用
景观格局
生态安全
青藏高原东部
land use
landscape pattern
ecological security
eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
