摘要
钠离子电池(SIBs)因其成本低、安全性高等优势引起了愈加广泛的关注与研究。在已报道的SIBs负极材料中,磷由于理论容量极高被认为是最具应用前景的负极材料之一。然而磷的电导率低,且在充放电过程中会发生体积膨胀,极大地影响了其倍率性能和循环稳定性。将磷与锗、锡、铜等金属结合形成金属磷化物可有效提高其导电性,并显著改善磷基负极材料的倍率性能和循环性能。本文主要综述了金属磷化物及其与碳纳米管、石墨烯等复合材料作为SIBs负极的最新研究进展,总结了目前金属磷化物SIBs负极材料存在的问题,比如实际容量偏低、储钠机制研究不够深入等;提出了相应的解决方法和手段,例如复合材料设计和构筑、表面修饰、尺寸形貌调控和先进原位表征手段等;并对金属磷化物SIBs负极材料的发展前景进行了展望。
Sodium ion batteries(SIBs)have attracted more and more attention because of their low cost and high safety.Due to the extremely high theoretical capacity,phosphorus-based material has been considered as one of the most promising anode materials for SIBs.However,phosphorus has shortcomings such as low conductivity and large volume expansion during sodiation-desodiation cycles,which significantly deteriorate its rate performance and cycle stability.Constructing metal phosphides by combining P with germanium,tin,copper or other metals can not only enhance their conductivity,but also significantly improve the reversibility and cycle performance of phosphorus-based anode materials.In this review,recent progress on metal phosphides and their composites with carbon nanotubes and graphene for SIBs anode materials were summarized.Furthermore,the current issues of metal phosphides anodes for SIBs were discussed,such as low practical capacity,poor cycle performance and so no.Meanwhile,various approaches and techniques to address these issues were proposed,including design and construction of composite materials,surface modification,regulation of size and morphology,advanced in-situ characterizations,etc.Finally,future perspectives of metal phosphides anode materials for SIBs were also presented.
作者
王海花
金倩倩
舒珂维
WANG Haihua;JIN Qianqian;SHU Kewei(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi’an 710021,China)
出处
《复合材料学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期2586-2598,共13页
Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(21978164,22078189)
陕西省创新团队项目(2018TD-015)
陕西省杰出青年基金项目(2021JC-46)。
关键词
钠离子电池
金属磷化物
负极材料
复合材料
电化学性能
sodium-ion batteries
metal phosphides
anode materials
composite
electrochemical performance
