摘要
“闭关锁国”不是中国古代既有概念,也不是西方对中国的固有认知,而是晚清中日语言嫁接产生的历史名词,不是对明清时期对外政策的客观描述。面对咄咄逼人的西方殖民势力,明清时期的中国当政者从军事、经济、文化等不同层面,采取了以“自主限关”为主要特征的限制性政策。这一政策没有阻断明清时期中国对外贸易的发展和中西文化交流互鉴,但造成了消极防御和漠视西方先进科技的负面影响,在一定程度上为近代中国陷入被动挨打局面埋下了伏笔。
“Self-Isolation” is not a Chinese concept in existence since ancient times,or inherent in the Western World’s perception of China.It is a historical term reflecting late Qing Dynasty fusion of Chinese and Japanese vocabulary,rather than an objective description of the foreign policies adopted in the Ming and Qing dynasties.Faced with aggressive Western colonial powers,China’s rulers during those dynasties adopted a restrictive policy characterized by “self-imposed border restrictions” at the military,economic,cultural and other levels.This did not hinder the development of China’s foreign trade,or exchanges and mutual learning between Chinese and Western cultures during that period.However,it did have some negative effects,including passive defenses,and disregard for Western technological advances,which,to some degree,laid the groundwork for China’s later passivity and vulnerability to bullying.
作者
中国历史研究院课题组
高翔
The Research Group of Chinese Academy of History
出处
《历史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第3期4-21,M0003,共19页
Historical Research
基金
国家社科基金重大委托项目“明清时期闭关锁国问题研究”(19@ZH003)结项报告(负责人:高翔
主要成员:李国强、周群、朱昌荣、万明、张俊义、张顺洪、孙玉琴、陈于武、郭子林、陈乐)。
