摘要
变电站稳定运行是保证电力生产的重要环节,为提高人员火灾防护意识,全面分析变电站火灾风险因素,对21所变电站进行消防安全隐患检查,收集近20 a变电站火灾事故对事故原因、失火设备以及变电站火灾隐患并进行分析统计,得到变电站火灾事故主要由设备超负荷运行、设备故障、线路短路等原因造成,失火设备中电缆、变压器和电容器发生火灾的比例较大;构建了安全管理能力、建筑防火能力、消防安全设施、设备防火设施和火灾救援力量5个维度一级指标,并提取了17个二级指标和45个三级指标的变电站火灾风险评价指标体系,采用序关系分析法和熵权法确定指标权重,云模型作为评价模型,并以某变电站为例进行了火灾风险等级评价,最终得到该变电站的火灾风险综合云特征值为(60.414,13.311,4.142),根据风险等级划分并用Matlab绘图可知,该变电站处于中等火灾风险等级。实例证明变电站火灾风险评价体系能够较全面反映变电站火灾风险情况,对实际变电站火灾预防与管理措施制定有一定的参考价值。
The stable operation of substations is an important link to ensure power production.In order to improve the fire protection awareness of personnel,all the fire risk factors of substations was analyzed,fire safety hazard inspections of 21 substations were conducted and the fire accidents records of substations in recent 20 years were collected.The cause of the fire accidents of substations,the fire equipment and the hidden danger of substation fire were examined and counted.It is concluded that substation fire accidents are mainly caused by equipment overload operation,equipment failure,line short circuit,etc.The proportion of cable,transformer and capacitor in fire equipments is larger.The first-level indexes of five dimensions including safety management capability,building fire-prevention capability,fire-fighting safety facilities,equipment fire-prevention facilities and fire rescue forces were constructed,and the substation fire risk evaluation index system of 17 second-level indexes and 45 third-level indexes were extracted.The order relationship analysis method and the entropy weight method were adopted to determine the index weight,and the cloud model was used as the evaluation model.And a substation is taken as an example to evaluate the fire risk level.Finally,the comprehensive cloud characteristic value of the fire risk of the substation is(60.414,13.311,4.142).According to the risk level classification and drawing by Matlab,the substation is at the medium of fire risk level.The test confirms that the substation fire risk evaluation system can comprehensively reflect the substation fire risk,and has certain reference values for fire prevention and management measures of the actual substation.
作者
程方明
牛巧霞
刘文辉
CHENG Fangming;NIU Qiaoxia;LIU Wenhui(College of Safety Science and Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;Xi’an Key Laboratory of Urban Public Safety and Fire Rescue,Xi’an 710054,China;Fire Rescue Branch of Anshan,Anshan 114000,China)
出处
《西安科技大学学报》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第4期664-673,共10页
Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology
基金
陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(2020TD-021)。
关键词
变电站
火灾风险评价
序关系分析法
熵权法
云模型
substation
fire risk evaluation
order relation analysis method
entropy weight method
cloud model
