摘要
机动车排放是城市大气中细颗粒物的主要来源,其中柴油车对机动车颗粒物排放的贡献尤为突出,但目前针对国Ⅴ柴油车尾气颗粒物排放特征研究十分有限。该文以国Ⅴ中型柴油车为研究对象,收集其在怠速运行下排放的尾气颗粒物,研究5个粒径段(F0级<0.2μm、F1级0.2~0.5μm、F2级0.5~1.0μm、F3级1.0~2.5μm和F4级>2.5μm)颗粒物的形貌结构及元素分布特征。结果表明,在国Ⅴ排放标准下,柴油车尾气颗粒物主要为空气动力学直径<0.2μm的颗粒。形貌分析表明,柴油车尾气颗粒物由众多类球状的碳烟颗粒和不规则状的无机灰分组成,其中碳烟颗粒主要集中在1μm粒径以下,无机灰分主要为粒径>2.5μm的颗粒物。进一步的元素分析表明,柴油车尾气颗粒物中含有P、S、Ca、Zn、Fe、Al、Si、Pb、Ti、Sr、Sb等元素,其中多数无机元素主要吸附在空气动力学直径>0.5μm的颗粒上,而Zn元素在<0.2μm的颗粒上亦有较多吸附。
The motor vehicle,particularly the diesel vehicle,is the main source of fine PMs emission in the cities,however,the research regarding the emission characteristics of the particles(DEPs)of‘NationalⅤStandard’diesel vehicle exhaust is yet rather limited.This paper reports a experimental testing involving DEPs sampled from a medium-sized diesel vehicle at idling-speed status,and the investigation of the morphological structure and elemental distribution characteristics of DEPs in terms of five kinds of diameter(F0<0.2μm,F10.2~0.5μm,F20.5~1.0μm,F31.0~2.5μm and F4>2.5μm).As a result,the testing showed that exhaust emissions from diesel vehicle were mainly particles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 0.2μm;the morphology analysis indicated that DEPs were composed of a lot of carbon soot particles and inorganic ashes,and the carbon soot particles were mainly in particle size smaller than 1μm,and inorganic ashes were mostly in particle size big⁃ger than 2.5μm.Furthermore,DEPs contained the elements including P,S,Ca,Zn,Fe,Al,Si,Pb,Ti,Sr and Sb,and most of the inorganic elements were mainly adsorbed on the particles of aerodynamic diameter>0.5μm,while Zn elements were most⁃ly adsorbed on the particles of aerodynamic diameter<0.2μm.
作者
王安
邵阳
马玲玲
孙劲旅
徐殿斗
罗敏
WANG An;SHAO Yang;MA Lingling;SUN Jinlyu;XU Diandou;LUO Min(Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment,Institute of High Energy Physics,CAS,Beijing 100049,China;Allergy Department,State Key Lab of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期154-161,共8页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金(U1832212,12105313)
北京市自然基金(7191008)。
关键词
柴油车尾气颗粒物
形貌结构
元素分布
DEP
morphological structure
elemental distribution characteristics
