摘要
为评估不同水系翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)肌肉营养成分的差异,对长江上游、长江下游、黑龙江和淮河等4个水系翘嘴鲌肌肉的氨基酸和脂肪酸营养指标进行了比较分析。结果表明:在所检测出的18种氨基酸中,4个水系翘嘴鲌的甘氨酸和苯丙氨酸含量存在显著差异(P<0.05),其中黑龙江水系均为最高,而其他16种氨基酸含量在4个水系间不存在显著差异(P>0.05)。黑龙江水系翘嘴鲌肌肉中的必需氨基酸含量(EAA)亦为最高,但与另外3个水系的差异不显著(P>0.05)。根据氨基酸评分和化学评分进行营养评价的结果表明,4个水系翘嘴鲌的第一、第二限制性氨基酸均为蛋氨酸+胱氨酸和缬氨酸,其必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)在81.27~82.43。淮河水系翘嘴鲌肌肉中的单不饱和脂肪酸含量最低,而黑龙江水系翘嘴鲌肌肉中的二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)含量显著高于长江上游和下游水系(P<0.05)。综合来看,4个水系翘嘴鲌肌肉的营养成分基本一致,都具有均衡的营养价值,可满足人类的营养需求,均为优质的蛋白质来源,其中黑龙江水系翘嘴鲌在氨基酸和脂肪酸层面具有更高的食用价值。
Different growth and developmental characteristics are presented in different geographical populations of Culter alburnus.To evaluate the nutritional composition of different C.alburnus populations,we analyzed and compared the nutritional composition of amino acids and fatty acids of C.alburnus collected from different basins,i.e.,Amur River(AR),Huai River(HR),upstream of Yangtze River(UYR),and downstream of Yangtze River(DYR).Among the identified 18 amino acids,significant differences were only identified in the contents of glycine and phenylalanine,which were significantly higher in AR individuals(P<0.05).The content of total essential amino acids was highest in AR individuals,however,with no significant difference.The nutritional evaluation based on the amino acid score and chemical score indicated that the first and second limiting amino acids of the four populations are methionine plus cystine and valine,and their essential amino acid index(EAAI)ranges from 81.27 to 82.43.The content of monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA)was lowest in HR individuals,while the contents of DHA and EPA were significantly higher in AR individuals when compared to the UYR and DYR group(P<0.05).In general,although all the four populations had balanced nutritional value and could meet the nutritional needs of human beings,the AR population might have better edible value compared to other three populations based on our results.This study would provide guidance for systematic breeding,aquaculture,and feed development of C.alburnus in the future.
作者
周陆
张国奇
张友良
ZHOU Lu;ZHANG Guoqi;ZHANG Youliang(Shanghai Songjiang Aquatic Bred Farm Co.,Ltd,Shanghai 201616,China;Shanghai Songjiang Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd,Shanghai 201616,China;Shanghai Songjiang Aquatic Technology Extension Station,Shanghai 201616,China)
出处
《水产科技情报》
2022年第5期278-283,共6页
Fisheries Science & Technology Information
基金
上海市科技兴农技术创新项目(2019-02-08-00-13-F01112)。
关键词
翘嘴鲌
肌肉营养成分
氨基酸
脂肪酸
不同水系
Culter alburnus
nutritional components
amino acid
fatty acids
different basins
