摘要
我国立法机关和民法学者对于现行法上的监护人责任规则的认识和评价并不完全相同。通过解释论途径消除此种评价上的差异,有利于促进立法与学说之间的良性互动,确保监护人责任规则在司法适用中取得应有成效。通过梳理已有研究成果,并结合最新的立法理由,将《民法典》第1188条第1款和第2款定位为“原则与例外”的关系,可为该条构建一个更为妥适的解释论方案和教义学分析框架。依此定位,《民法典》第1188条第1款对被监护人的责任能力和监护人责任的基本规则作出了一般性规定,通常情形下应予优先适用;第2款则适用于非常例外的特定情形,即只有同时满足被监护人拥有价值较大财产和监护人为非亲属监护人这两项要件,方可予以例外适用。这样,《民法典》第1188条第1款和第2款之间的规范逻辑和法律适用关系可以厘清,潜在的体系冲突和价值评价矛盾可以避免,而法律适用的安定性和妥当性亦可实现。
Legislatures and scholars have different understanding on the system of guardian responsibility.Properly eliminating this inconsistency with interpretation theory is of great benefit to promoting healthy communication between legislation and doctrine,and ensuring that the judicial application of guardian responsibility rules can achieve due effect.By combing the existing research results and combining the relevant legislative policies,the two provisions of Article 1188 are positioned as the“relationship between principles and exceptions”,we can construct a more appropriate interpretive plan and doctrinal analysis framework for this article.In detail,paragraph I of Article 1188 sets out general provisions on the ward’s capacity for responsibility and the basic rules of guardian’s responsibility,while paragraph II of Article 1188 applies to very exceptional situations,that is,only when the ward having property of greater value and guardian being non-relative guardian can be applied.In this way,the logic and relationship between the two provisions of Article 1188 can be clarified,possible system conflicts and value evaluation contradictions can be avoided,and the stability and appropriateness of legal application can also be achieved.
作者
郑晓剑
ZHENG Xiao-jian(School of Law,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China)
出处
《现代法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第4期17-35,共19页
Modern Law Science
基金
2021年度国家社科基金重点项目成果(21AFX016)。
关键词
监护人责任
监护职责
责任能力
《民法典》第1188条
guardian’s responsibility
duty of guardian
capacity for responsibility
Article 1188 of Civil Code
