摘要
【目的】通过对比分析自然干旱和正常灌水下梁平柚的果实品质差异,探究干旱对梁平柚果实品质的影响,为梁平柚合理灌溉、高效栽培提供理论依据。【方法】以树龄30 a以上的梁平柚老树为材料,在8月对梁平柚进行自然干旱(胁迫组)和正常灌水(对照组)两种处理,于转色期和成熟期采集样品进行基础品质测定。采用UPLC-MS技术分析不同处理下果汁中糖、有机酸含量差异及果皮、囊皮、果汁中类黄酮、酚酸、类柠檬苦素、辛弗林等功能物质含量差异。【结果】自然干旱处理对成熟期果皮和果肉的含水量影响较小,胁迫处理后,梁平柚在转色期和成熟期的基础品质均显著升高,转色期果汁TSS、TA和Vc含量较对照组分别增加了39.50%、54.05%和35.25%,成熟期果汁较对照组分别增加了11.84%、30.00%和7.39%。胁迫处理下,转色期果汁4种糖和9种有机酸总量显著高于对照组,分别比对照组高94.70%和17.79%。在不同时期不同组织中4类功能成分的变化大且规律不一致。自然干旱处理降低了果皮、囊皮和果汁中部分类黄酮物质和酚酸类物质的合成,主要表现为柚皮苷和香草酸含量的下降。自然干旱促进了果皮、囊皮中类柠檬苦素类物质的合成以及囊皮、果汁中辛弗林的合成。转色期果皮的类柠檬苦素含量增幅最大,为38.58%,成熟期囊皮的辛弗林含量增幅最大,为436.00%。37个功能营养指标中有5个指标不受其他指标影响,而阿魏酸、山梨醇和枸橘苷的含量与其他指标的相关性高。【结论】重庆8月份的自然干旱条件可有效提升梁平柚的品质,改善口感,增加果肉中辛弗林等主要功能物质的含量。
【Objective】The fruit quality differences of Liangping pomelo were analyzed under two conditions of natural drought stress and normal irrigation, so as to explore the effect of drought on the fruit quality of Liangping pomelo and to provide a theoretical basis for rational irrigation and efficient cultivation of Liangping pomelo.【Method】The old Liangping pomelo trees more than 30 years old were used as materials. In August, these trees were treated with natural drought(stress group) and normal irrigation(control group). The samples were collected at the color turning stage and maturity stage for basic quality determination. UPLC-MS technology was used to analyze the content differences of sugar and organic acids in fruit juice and the content differences of flavonoids, phenolic acids, limonoids and synephrine in peel, capsule and fruit juice under different treatments.【Result】Natural drought treatment had little effect on the water content of peel and pulp at maturity. After stress treatment, the basic quality of Liangping pomelo at color transformation stage and maturity stage increased significantly. The contents of TSS, TA and Vc in fruit juice at color transformation stage increased by 39.50%, 54.05% and 35.25%, respectively compared with the control group, and the contents of fruit juice at maturity stage increase by 11.84%, 30.00% and 7.39%, respectively. Under stress treatment, the total amount of 4sugars and 9 organic acids in fruit juice at color conversion stage was significantly higher than that in the control group.The total amount of sugars and organic acids were 94.70% and 17.79% higher than that in the control group, respectively.In different periods and different tissues, the four functional components changed greatly and the laws were inconsistent.Natural drought treatment reduced the synthesis of some flavonoids and phenolic acids in peel, capsule and fruit juice,mainly manifest in the decrease of naringin and vanillic acid. Natural drought promoted the synthesis of limonoids in peel and capsule, and synephrine in capsule and fruit juice. The limonoid content of pericarp increased the most at 38.58%at the color turning stage, and the synephrine content of capsule at the mature stage increased the most at 436.00%. Five of the 37 functional nutrition indexes were not affected by other indexes, while the contents of ferulic acid, sorbitol and lycioside were highly correlated with other indexes.【Conclusion】The natural drought conditions in Chongqing in August can effectively improve the quality of Liangping pomelo, improve the taste and increase the content of synephrine and other main functional substances in the pulp.
作者
杨蕾
王敏
洪林
刘兆俊
唐松
王武
杨海健
YANG Lei;WANG Min;HONG Lin;LIU Zhaojun;TANG Song;WANG Wu;YANG Haijian(Fruit Research Institute,Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiulongpo 401329,Chongqing,China;Chongqing Liangping District Agricultural Products Brand Development Center,Liangping 405200,Chongqing,China)
出处
《经济林研究》
北大核心
2022年第3期169-179,共11页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目(cstc2020jscx-tpyzxX0005)
重庆市社会事业与民生保障科技创新专项(cstc2016shmsztzx80002)
重庆市特色水果产业技术体系创新团队项目(20210404)。
关键词
梁平柚
干旱
品质
功能物质
Liangping pomelo
drought
quality
functional substance
