摘要
集成电路产业是数字经济的基础产业,是构筑我国经济未来竞争新优势的基础力量来源之一。本文在阐释创新链相关理论的基础上,从创新要素投入—创新成果生产—创新成果市场化和产业化的创新链逻辑出发,深入分析21世纪初以来集成电路产业创新链的全球演化特征以及当前竞争格局,利用量化评价方法对代表国家和地区集成电路产业创新力予以评价,并从创新链赶超视角提出相关建议。从演化过程来看,美国在全球产业大转移过程中始终维持着对创新链的绝对控制力,欧盟创新力相对稳定且有强化的趋势,日本创新力快速下降且正在被韩国赶超,中国是创新链的后发者,表现出相对稳定的上升态势。当前,集成电路产业的全球创新链竞争表现出“一超多强”特征,美国依然稳居集成电路产业创新链的领军地位,欧洲次之,日本位居第三,韩国位居第四,中国位居第五。围绕我国集成电路产业创新链的现实问题和赶超目标,要进一步加大创新投入和创新链协同为产业发展注入内生动力,以产业链创新和整体突破提升全球竞争力,以深化对外开放和强化自主创新来激发产业发展的全球生态活力,以科学布局提升协同发展能力,并把握数字科技革命和产业变革先机实现产业的创新发展。
Integrated circuits(IC)industry is the source of the digital economy and the basis to build China's new competitive advantages in the future.On the basis of explaining the relevant theories of the innovation chain,this paper starts from the innovation chain logic of the input of innovation elements—the production of innovation achievements—the marketization and industrialization of innovation achievements,and deeply analyzes the global evolution characteristics of the innovation chain of the IC industry since the beginning of this century and the current competition landscape.And then the authors use quantitative evaluation methods to evaluate the innovative power of the IC industry of representative countries and regions,and finally put forward relevant suggestions from the perspective of innovation chain catch-up.From the perspective of evolution process,the United States still maintains absolute control of the innovation chain in the process of global industrial transfer.The European Union's innovation power is relatively stable and has a tendency to strengthen.Japan's innovation power is declining rapidly and is being overtaken by South Korea.China is a latecomer in the innovation chain,showing a relatively stable upward trend.At present,the global innovation chain competition of IC shows the characteristics of“one superpower and many strong”.The United States is still firmly in the leading position in the IC innovation chain,and it failed to achieve absolute control only in terms of talent base and advanced products.Followed by Europe,it has significant advantages in talent base,innovation investment,patents,academic papers,but it performances poorly in advanced products and industrial scale.Japan ranks third,mainly due to its strong patent accumulation and strong competitiveness in advanced products such as equipment and materials,but in terms of academic papers,talents and industrial scale have poor performance.South Korea ranks fourth,and it also shows certain advantages in terms of patent output and industrial scale.However,due to a relatively small number of enterprises and an imperfect industrial ecology,it shows certain disadvantages in terms of advanced products,talent base,academic papers.China ranks fifth,mainly due to its advantages in talent base,but it ranks last in terms of patents,industrial scale,advanced products.Focusing on the practical problems of China's IC industry innovation chain,it is necessary to further increase innovation investment and innovation chain coordination to inject internal momentum into industrial development.Enhancing global competitiveness with industrial chain innovation and overall breakthroughs is essential.and stimulate industry by deepening development and strengthening independent innovation.It is very important to deep Reform and Opening and strengthen independent innovation for stimulating the global ecological vitality of IC industrial.It is of great significance to enhance the coordinated development capability of the IC industry through scientific layout for industry,regional and product.Finally,it is necessary to grasp the development opportunities of the digital revolution and the industrial revolution in order to achieve a leading edge in the IC industry in the digital economy era.
作者
曲永义
李先军
QU Yong-yi;LI Xian-jun(Institute of Industrial Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,100006,China)
出处
《经济管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第9期5-26,共22页
Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目“新技术革命背景下全球创新链的调整及其影响研究”(19AJY013)。
关键词
创新链
集成电路
产业演化
竞争
innovation chain
IC industry
evolution
competition
