摘要
多孔金属作为新型轻质金属,具有传统金属不具备的优点,如比重小、比表面积大、散热能力强等,是一种兼具结构性和功能性的金属材料,已成为当今新型功能材料领域研究的热点。简述了多孔金属材料的制备方法及原理,包括烧结法、铸造法及其他方法;详细介绍了多孔金属材料在过滤分离领域、隔音降噪领域、催化剂载体及医用生物材料等诸多领域的发展状况及广泛应用;提出了以轧钢过程中产生的氧化铁皮为主要原料,以粉末冶金方法经过高温真空还原烧结得到多孔不锈钢的新技术,该技术将氧化铁皮的还原和金属颗粒的烧结整合为一步,在一定程度上简化制备工艺、缩短了制备时间,提高了生产效率;最后对多孔金属材料未来的发展趋势进行了展望。
As a new type of lightweight metal,porous metal is a kind of metal materials with both structure and functionality,which has many advantages the traditional metals do not possess,such as small specific gravity,large specific surface area,and strong heat dissipation ability.It is a new type of functional material research hot spot.The preparation methods and the principles of porous metal materials,including sintering method,casting method and other methods are briefly described,porous metal materials used in the fields of filtration and separation,sound insulation and noise reduction,catalyst carriers,and medical biological materials are introduced.Development status and wide application of a new technology for obtaining porous stainless steel by high temperature vacuum reduction sintering in the form of powder metallurgy with iron oxide scale produced in the rolling process as the main raw material is proposed.This technology integrates the reduction of iron oxide scale and the sintering of metal particles into one step,the preparation process is simplified to a certain extent,the preparation time is shortened,and the production efficiency is improved.Finally,the future development trend of porous metal materials in the future is prospected.
作者
赵立杰
张芳
彭军
明守禄
朱瑞宗
ZHAO Lijie;ZHANG Fang;PENG Jun;MING Shoulu;ZHU Ruizong(School of Materials and Metallurgy,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,China;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramic Materials and Devices,Baotou 014010,China)
出处
《粉末冶金工业》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第5期110-116,共7页
Powder Metallurgy Industry
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51864041,51664044)。
关键词
钢铁二次资源
粉末冶金
氧化铁皮
多孔金属
功能材料
secondary iron and steel resource
powder metallurgy
iron oxide scale
porous stainless steel
functional material
