摘要
研究大田机械化条件下不同玉米-大豆间作模式下的群体产量及大豆的光合特性,为筛选适合河南省玉米-大豆的行距配置和减肥施用提供理论基础。设置行比和减肥2个因素,玉米单作、大豆单作为对照,其中行比设置玉米大豆行比2:4间作(2/4J)、玉米大豆行比4:4间作(4/4J)2个处理,减肥处理在上面行比处理上减量20%(2/4N、4/4N),研究了不同行距配置及减肥条件下的作物产量及大豆LAI、干质量、SPAD值及叶片光合速率的影响。2年试验结果表明,玉米处理2/4J、4/4J、2/4N、4/4N比单作减产,LAI、干物质、SPAD值和叶片光合速率均显著低于单作,但减氮前后比较,除LAI指标外,干质量、叶片光合速率(Pn)和SPAD值没有显著差异。建议河南玉米-大豆间作模式行距配置和施肥管理中,玉米大豆间作行比2:4(2/4J)减氮20%处理2/4N更增加光合产物积累,从而提高大豆产量,提高间作效益。
The population yield and photosynthetic characteristics of soybean under different maize-soybean intercropping modes of field mechanization were studied, to provide a theoretical basis for selecting suitable row spacing configuration and reducing nitrogen application for maize-soybean intercropping in Henan Province. The row ratio and fertilizer reduction were set as two factors, and maize monoculture and soybean monoculture were used as control. Two row ratios were set as 2:4 intercropping of maize and soybean(2/4J) and4:4 intercropping of maize and soybean(4/4J). The treatment of reducing nitrogen application reduced the nitrogen rate of the above row ratios by 20 %(2/4N, 4/4N). The effects of row spacing and nitrogen fertilizer reduction on crop yield, soybean LAI, dry matter weight, SPAD value and leaf photosynthetic rate were studied.The results of the two years’ experiment showed that the yield of 2/4J, 4/4J, 2/4N and 4/4N treatments were lower than those of monoculture, and LAI, dry matter weight, SPAD value and leaf photosynthetic rate were significantly lower than those of monoculture. However, compared nitrogen reduction with no nitrogen reduction, except LAI, there was no significant difference of dry matter weight, leaf photosynthetic rate(Pn) and SPAD value. In summary, in row spacing configuration and fertilization of maize-soybean intercropping mode in Henan Province, 2/4N treatment of maize-soybean intercropping with row ratio of 2:4 and nitrogen reduction of 20% can increase the accumulation of photosynthetic products, so as to improve soybean yield and intercropping efficiency.
作者
朱喜霞
郑玉珍
王海红
黄保
平西栓
刘天学
赵霞
李毓珍
ZHU Xixia;ZHENG Yuzhen;WANG Haihong;HUANG Bao;PING Xishuan;LIU Tianxue;ZHAO Xia;LI Yuzhen(Yindu District Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Anyang City,Anyang,Henan 455000;Cereal Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Henan International Joint Laboratory on Maize Precision Production,Zhengzhou 450002;Henan Agriculture Technology Extension Station,Zhengzhou 450002;College of Agronomy,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002;Xuchang Seed Management Station,Xuchang,Henan 461001)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2022年第29期16-21,共6页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
上合现代农业发展研究院项目“吉尔吉斯共和国玉米精播滴灌丰产栽培技术集成示范与标准化研究”(SCO21B003)
河南省农业科学院基础性科研项目“玉米营养表型鉴定与评价利用”(2022JC09)。
关键词
玉米-大豆间作
行距配置
减氮施肥
光合特性
产量
maize-soybean intercropping
row spacing
reducing nitrogen application
photosynthetic characteristics
yield
