摘要
智慧水利建设作为新阶段水利现代化与高质量发展的重要实施路径之一,已成为快速提升水资源效能及水旱灾害防御能力、改善水环境及水生态现状的强力抓手和必然选择,而其扎实推进则需要综合利用各类先进的空间信息技术。随着我国北斗系统的全面建成以及新一代GNSS系统的飞速发展,GNSS技术与其他学科不断融合,应用领域也得以不断扩展。多频多模多卫星系统的GNSS遥感技术作为一种融合了GNSS卫星导航与遥感技术的新型遥测手段,主要包括GNSS折射遥感及GNSS反射遥感两部分,对该技术的有效利用能够为水利领域各项应用及智慧水利建设提供有力支撑。首先介绍了智慧水利建设的发展沿革,并从政策指引、实践需求以及现实意义等层面充分揭示了推动智慧水利建设的重要性、必要性及迫切性,系统总结了GNSS折射遥感与反射遥感技术在水旱灾害防护、水工建设监管、水循环过程监测及水文参数反演等水利领域各项应用中的研究进展。最后,面向GNSS遥感技术在新时期智慧水利建设中的应用提出了一些建议和想法,以期借此综述,使领域内专家学者对GNSS遥感的技术优势、在水利领域应用中的研究现状以及在智慧水利建设中的应用展望形成一个较为系统的了解。
As one of the most important implementation approaches for spurring the modernization and high-quality development of water conservancy, the construction of smart water conservancy has become an inevitable tendency for rapidly enhancing the utilization efficiency of water resources and the prevention capability of flood and drought disasters, as well as improving the current situations of water environment and water ecology. However, to make solid progresses for smart water conservancy construction, it is necessary to comprehensively adopt various types of cutting-edge spatial information techniques. With the establishment of BeiDou navigation satellite system and the unprecedented development of the next generation GNSS, GNSS has constantly intersected and fused with other disciplines, and its applications have also greatly advanced. Multi-mode, multi-frequency and multi-constellation GNSS remote sensing technique, as a new type of remote sensing method and the deep fusion of the conventional GNSS-based navigation and satellite-based remote sensing techniques, generally comprises GNSS refractometry and GNSS reflectometry. The innovative and effective use of GNSS remote sensing technique can provide powerful technical support for hydrological and hydraulic applications and the construction of smart water conservancy. The importance, necessity and urgency of promoting the construction of smart water conservancy are fully revealed by firstly introducing its history evolution from the aspects of policy guidance, actual demands and practical significance. Then, the research progresses of using GNSS refractometry and GNSS reflectometry techniques in numerous applications regarding the mitigation of floods and droughts, engineering construction, hydrological cycle monitoring, water conservancy planning and etc are systematicall summarized. Finally, the future prospects including the challenges, opportunities and research advice are also proposed regarding the use of GNSS remote sensing technique in the construction of smart water conservancy. Hoping sincerely that this review can help experts and scholars to form a more systematic understanding of the technical superiority of GNSS remote sensing, as well as the current status and future prospects of using this technology in water conservancy fields.
作者
朱德军
李浩博
王晓明
ZHU Dejun;LI Haobo;WANG Xiaoming(State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Department of Hydraulic Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《水利水电技术（中英文）》
北大核心
2022年第10期33-57,共25页
Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFE0196000)
国家自然科学基金项目(52179069)。
关键词
GNSS
北斗
GNSS折射遥感
GNSS反射遥感
智慧水利
Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS)
BeiDou Navigation Satellite System
GNSS refractometry
GNSS reflectometry
smart water conservancy
