摘要
旨在获得生育期在120天左右的耐盐碱早熟水稻品种的优质、高产栽培技术,进行优质高效水直播栽培技术研究。以早熟粳稻水稻品种‘吉宏6号’为试验材料,利用3‰~6‰中度盐碱地大田耕平地、灌排水、浸种播种、病虫草害防治、施肥最佳模式进行交叉试验。经过3年的试验研究,得出耐盐碱早熟水稻品种优质高效水直播技术规程。该规程规定了滨海盐碱地水稻优质高效水直播栽培技术,规定了生育期120天的优质水稻种质质量及浸种技术、春季深翻耕平地技术要求,规定了播种期、出苗期、分蘖期、长穗期、结实期对灌排水、地下害虫防治、草害防治、病害防治、施肥管理的技术规程,规定了蜡熟末期、晚熟初期的适时收获标准,规定了水稻脱粒、运输及仓储要求。该技术规程,无需泡田,节约用水量达50%;晚播将灌浆期控制在9月中旬,有效地防止鸟害;适时收获,能显著提高水稻的食味品质。
The study aims to obtain high-quality and high-yield cultivation techniques of saline-alkali tolerant and early-maturing rice varieties with the growth period about 120 days under water direct seeding cultivation.Taking early-maturing japonica rice variety‘Jihong No.6’as the experimental material,the cross test was conducted with irrigation and drainage,seed soaking and sowing,pest and weed control and the best mode of fertilization in 3‰-6‰ moderate saline-alkali soil.After three years of experimental research,the technical regulations of high-quality and high-efficiency water direct seeding of early-maturing rice varieties with saline-alkali tolerance were obtained.The regulation stipulated(1)the high-quality and high-efficiency water direct seeding cultivation technology in coastal saline-alkali land;(2)the quality of high-quality rice germplasm with 120 days of growth period,and the technical requirements of soaking seed and deep ploughing in spring;(3)the technical regulations of irrigation and drainage,underground pest control,grass pest control,disease control and fertilization management in sowing,emergence,tillering,long panicle and seed setting stages;(4)the standard of timely harvest at the end of wax ripening and the early stage of late ripening;and(5)the requirements of threshing,transportation and storage of rice.According to the technical specification,there is no need to soak the field,and the water consumption could be saved up to 50%.Late sowing could control the grain filling period in mid-September and effectively prevent bird damage.Timely harvest can significantly improve the eating quality of rice.
作者
侯红燕
董晓亮
周红
张茂林
金丁坤
魏立兴
HOU Hongyan;DONG Xiaoliang;ZHOU Hong;ZHANG Maolin;JIN Dingkun;WEI Lixing(Dongying Yibang Agriculture Science and Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Dongying 257000,Shandong,China;Dongying Yuanshuo Agriculture Co.,Ltd.,Dongying 257000,Shandong,China;Dongying Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Dongying 257000,Shandong,China)
出处
《农学学报》
2022年第11期1-4,共4页
Journal of Agriculture
基金
山东省重点研发计划“盐碱地优质水稻减肥增效技术研究与示范”(2019QYTPY031)
山东省农业良种工程“优质耐盐粳稻绿色高效生产技术示范与应用”(2019LZGC003)
山东省外专双百计划“黄河三角洲盐碱地水稻绿色高效产业化”(WSG2019027)
黄河三角洲产业领军人才“盐碱地优质食味水稻产业化关键技术创新与集成示范”。
关键词
滨海盐碱地
耐盐碱早熟水稻
水直播
关键技术
coastal saline-alkali land
saline-alkali tolerant and early-maturing rice
water direct seeding
key technology
