摘要
【目的】通过对油茶花器官性状特征进行数量化分级评价,为油茶种质资源创制利用提供科学依据。【方法】以广东现有油茶主栽品种为研究对象,分别调查测定其花器官性状特征,采用多元统计方法对11个性状进行变异分析、遗传多样性分析和聚类分析。【结果】1)不同品种花器官性状特征存在差异;其ShannonWiener多样性指数范围为0.991~1.525,Simpson多样性指数范围为0.604~0.764,其中均以柱头开裂数、内雄蕊高和花柱高多样性指数较高;变异系数范围为8.82%~20.24%,以雄蕊群直径、花瓣长和花瓣宽变异系数较大;2)R型聚类分析结果表明,花冠直径与花瓣长相关性较强,其余性状指标均相对独立;3)主成分分析将11个性状综合为4个因子,贡献率分别为40.057%、26.118%、10.160%和9.597%,累计贡献率为85.932%,其中花冠直径、花瓣长、花瓣宽、花瓣长宽比、内雄蕊高、柱头开裂数等6个性状特征向量值较大;4)Q型聚类结果表明,在遗传距离为1.4可将其分为4种类型,小花型(3种):花瓣长为2.43~2.58 cm,花冠直径为5.05~5.43 cm,雄蕊群直径为1.35~1.53 cm;中小花型(9种):花瓣长为2.65~3.24 cm,花冠直径为5.33~6.81 cm,雄蕊群直径为1.44~1.87 cm;中花型(2种):花瓣长为3.66~3.92 cm,花冠直径为7.80~7.91 cm,雄蕊群直径为1.45~2.17 cm;大花型(1种):花瓣长4.86 cm,花冠直径为8.99 cm,雄蕊群直径为2.72 cm。【结论】参试油茶品种遗传多样性丰富;花冠直径、花瓣长、花瓣宽、花瓣长宽比、内雄蕊高、柱头开裂数是油茶花器官数量性状分类的重要指标;本研究初步探索并建立了油茶花器官性状分级评价体系,研究结果可为其资源评价提供科学技术依据。
【Objective】To provide a scientific basis for the creation and utilization of oil tea germplasm resources by quantitatively grading the traits of oil tea flowering organs.【Method】The main planted varieties of oil tea in Guangdong were investigated and their floral organ traits were determined.【Result】1)Different varieties differed in their floral organ traits;the Shannon-Wiener diversity index ranged from 0.991~1.525,and the Simpson diversity index ranged from 0.604~0.764,among which the diversity indexes of stigma dehiscence,inner stamen height and style height were higher;the coefficients of variation ranged from 8.82%~20.24%;2)The results of R-type cluster analysis showed that corolla diameter and petal length were strongly correlated,while the other traits were relatively independent;3)Principal component analysis combined the 11 traits into four factors,with contribution rates of 40.057%,26.118%,10.160%and 9.597%,respectively,and a cumulative contribution rate of 85.932%,of which six traits,such as corolla diameter,petal length,petal width,petal aspect ratio,inner stamen height and stigma dehiscence number,had larger values of eigenvectors;4)Q-clustering results showed that they could be classified into four types at a genetic distance of 1.4.The small-flowered types(three types):petal length of 2.43~2.58 cm,corolla diameter of 5.05~5.43 cm,stamen cluster diameter of 1.35~1.53 cm;small and medium flowered(9 species):petals 2.65~3.24 cm long,corolla 5.33~6.81 cm in diameter,stamens 1.44~1.87 cm in diameter;medium flowered(2 species):petals 3.66~3.92 cm long,corolla 7.80~7.91 cm in diameter,stamens 1.45~2.17 cm in diameter.Large-flowered(1 species):petals 4.86 cm long,corolla 8.99 cm in diameter,stamens 2.72 cm in diameter.【Conclusion】The genetic diversity of the oil tea species under test is rich;corolla diameter,petal length,petal width,petal aspect ratio,inner stamen height and stigma dehiscence number are important indicators for classifying the quantitative traits of oil tea flower organs;this paper initially explores the establishment of a grading system for the evaluation of oil tea flower organ traits,and the results of the study can provide a scientific and technical basis for its resource evaluation.
作者
傅志强
袁汕
申春晖
张恒
陈锐帆
奚如春
FU Zhiqiang;YUAN Shan;SHEN Chunhui;ZHANG Heng;CHEN Ruifan;XI Ruchun(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong,China;Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development andUtilization of Forest Plant Germplasm,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong,China)
出处
《经济林研究》
北大核心
2022年第4期12-18,28,共8页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
广东省林业科技创新项目“广东适生油茶品种区域化试验与评价”(2018KJCX008)
国家重点研发计划项目“油茶生态经济型品种筛选及配套栽培技术”(2019YFD1001602)。
关键词
油茶
花器官
数量特征
遗传多样性
多元统计分析
Camellia oleifera
flower organs
quantitative characteristics
genetic diversity
multivariate statistical analysis
