摘要
以郑州市绿荫公园为研究对象,采用正交试验法设计试验方案,借助ENVI-met进行多因素量变模拟,探究乔木覆盖率及形态特征对公园夏季微气候舒适性的调节作用。得出以下结论。1)乔木覆盖率与热湿环境关联度大,树干高与风环境关联度大。2)各因素对公园微气候影响有时段性差异。3个乔木形态特征参数中,冠幅贡献率始终最大,中午时段高达22.5%;树干高在早上时段贡献率相对较高;叶面积指数的贡献率时段差异最小,中午时段略高;乔木覆盖率的贡献率各时段均大于3个乔木形态特征参数之和。3)乔木覆盖率85%、树干高4m、叶面积指数3.9、冠幅7m的组合方式夏季热舒适度最佳。建议城市公园在保证乔木覆盖面积的基础上,结合空间功能的时段性需求,合理选择乔木树种,有效发挥乔木对公园微气候的积极作用。
With Zhengzhou Lüyin Park as the research object, the orthogonal experiment method was used to design the experimental plan, and the multi-factor quantitative simulation was carried out with the help of ENVI-met to explore the regulating effect of arbor coverage and morphological characteristics on the park’s microclimate comfort in summer. The results show: 1) The arbor coverage rate has a great correlation with the heat and humidity environment, and the trunk height has a great correlation with the wind environment. 2) The influence of various factors on the park’s microclimate varies over time. Among the three tree morphological characteristic parameters, the crown contribution rate is always the largest, reaching as high as 22.5% at noon;trunk height contributes relatively more in the morning hours;the contribution rate of leaf area index has the smallest difference in the period of time, and is slightly higher in the noon period;and the contribution rate of tree coverage in each period is greater than the sum of the three tree morphological characteristic parameters. 3) The combination of tree coverage rate of 85%, trunk height of 4m, leaf area index of 3.9, and crown width of 7m has the best thermal comfort in summer. It is suggested that urban parks should reasonably select arbor species on the basis of ensuring the coverage area of arbor, combined with the time-period demand of space function, and effectively play the positive role of arbor on the park’s microclimate.
作者
王琨
王竞娴
田朝阳
薛思寒
WANG Kun;WANG Jingxian;TIAN Chaoyang;XUE Sihan
出处
《中国园林》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第11期94-99,共6页
Chinese Landscape Architecture
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(编号51808503、52208056)
教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(编号20YJCZH154)
河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)项目(编号212102310958、222102320187)共同资助。
关键词
风景园林
乔木覆盖率
乔木形态特征
热舒适
优化配置
正交试验
数值模拟
landscape architecture
tree coverage
tree morphological characteristics
thermal comfort
optimal configuration
orthogonal test
numerical simulation
