摘要
以15年生辽宁1号核桃为试材,设置8个施肥处理,分析不同施肥处理对核桃园土壤矿质元素与产量的影响,为核桃园节水节肥提供科学依据。结果表明:施肥处理的土壤矿质元素含量均显著高于对照,随施肥种类、时期及次数的不同而略有差异。土壤全氮、速效钾含量均呈先下降后上升的趋势;土壤中速效磷含量呈下降趋势。核桃单果重与6月土壤速效磷、速效钾含量和7月土壤全氮含量均呈显著正相关;单仁重与7月土壤全氮含量呈极显著正相关,与6月土壤速效磷、速效钾含量和7月土壤速效磷含量均呈显著正相关;核桃株产与6月土壤速效钾含量和7月土壤全氮、速效磷含量均呈显著正相关;青皮率与6月速效钾含量、7月全氮含量均呈显著负相关。综上,3次施肥与2次施肥增产效果显著,但二者差异不显著,生产中可适当减少施肥次数。成龄核桃园可在5月补充适量钾肥,6月补充氮、磷肥,以达到稳产、高产的目的。
Eight fertilizer treatments were set up to analyze the effects of different fertilizer treatments on soil mineral elements and yield in walnut orchards using 15-years-old’Liaoning 1’walnut trees as the research object.The results showed that the contents of soil mineral elements in fertilizer treatments were significantly higher than those in the control,and they were slightly different with the types,periods and times of fertilization.Soil total nitrogen content,available potassium content showed a decreasing-increasing trend;the content of available phosphorus in soil showed a downward trend.The single fruit weight of walnut was significantly positively correlated with available phosphorus and potassium content in soil in June and total nitrogen content in soil in July.Kernel weight was significantly positively correlated with total nitrogen content in soil in July,and was significantly positively correlated with available phosphorus,available potassium in soil in June and available phosphorus content in soil in July.The walnut yield was significantly positively correlated with the available potassium in soil in June and the total nitrogen and available phosphorus content in soil in July.The green skin rate was significantly negatively correlated with the content of available potassium in June and total nitrogen in July.To sum up,three times of fertilization and two times of fertilization had significantly increased the yield,but the difference was not obvious.The number of fertilization could be appropriately reduced in production.Adult walnuts can be supplied with appropriate potassium fertilizer in May,nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer in June to achieve sustainable and stable high yield of walnuts.
作者
王芳
冯启科
孙妍
高晰宇
安秀红
田义
张俊佩
王红霞
WANG Fang;FENG Qike;SUN Yan;GAO Xiyu;AN Xiuhong;TIAN Yi;ZHANG Junpei;WANG Hongxia(Mountainous Areas Research Institute,Technology Innovation Center for Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Hebei Province,National Engineering Research Center for Agriculture in Northern Mountainous Areas,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001;College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University;Experimental Site of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences;State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Research Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry)
出处
《中国果树》
北大核心
2022年第12期43-47,56,共6页
China Fruits
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1000703)
“十四五”国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFD2200402)
河北省重点研发计划项目(21326352D)。
关键词
核桃
施肥时期
施肥次数
矿质元素含量
产量
walnut
fertilization period
fertilization times
mineral element content
yield
