摘要
目的 了解2014-2021年河南省洛阳市市售食品中蜡样芽胞杆菌的污染状况,为降低由该菌引发的食物中毒风险提供科学依据。方法 按照《国家食品污染和有害因素风险监测工作手册》要求,从洛阳市餐饮服务环节和流通环节随机采集食品样本301份,定量检测蜡样芽胞杆菌。结果 301份抽检样品中,蜡样芽胞杆菌阳性90份、总体检出率29.90%,检出率2019年最高(50.00%)、2017年最低(6.25%);在不同种类食品中,检出率冲调谷物制品最高(46.67%),其次为盒饭(41.18%)、熟制米面(29.93%)、乳及乳制品(28.57%)、即食凉拌类(25.00%)、婴幼儿配方食品(20.00%)和油炸烘焙类(1/7);检出率第三季度(41.88%)最高、第二季度次之(26.47%),不同季度蜡样芽胞杆菌检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=17.757,P=0.000);检出率散装食品(31.84%)与预包装食品(26.00%)差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.087,P=0.297)。蜡样芽胞杆菌定量检测结果显示,菌落数在100 CFU/g(ml)以下的占43.33%(39/90)、102~105CFU/g(ml)的占41.11%(37/90)、105CFU/g(ml)以上的占15.56%(14/90)。结论 河南省洛阳市食品中蜡样芽胞杆菌的污染问题普遍存在,个别种类食品存在较大食品安全隐患;相关部门应依据不同食品种类有针对性地加大监管力度,加强从业人员食品安全培训和大众健康教育宣传,防止食源性疾病的发生。
Objective To investigate the contamination status of Bacillus cereus in the foods in Luoyang city of Henan province from 2014 to 2021, so as to provide scientific basis for reducing the risk of food poisoning caused by Bacillus cereus. Methods Totally 301 food samples were randomly collected from catering service and food circulation,quantitative detection of Bacillus cereus was operated according to the procedures and methods in the National Risk Monitoring Manual of Food Contamination and Harmful Factors. Results In the 301 samples, Bacillus cereus were positive in 90 samples, with total detection rate of 29.90%. The detection rate was the highest in 2019(50.00%) and lowest in2017(6.25%). In different kinds of foods, the detection rate of Bacillus cereus was the highest in the processed cereal products(46.67%), followed by box lunches(41.18%), cooked rice noodles(29.93%), milk and milk products(28.57%), cold ready-to-eat foods(25.00%), infant formula(20.00%), deep-fried and baked foods(1/7). The detection rate of Bacillus cereus was the highest in the third quarter(41.88%), followed by the second quarter(26.47%). There was significant difference in detection rate of Bacillus cereus in different quarters(χ^(2)=17.757, P=0.000). The detection rate of Bacillus cereus in bulk food(31.84%) was not significantly different from that in prepackaged food(26.00%)(χ^(2)=1.087, P=0.297). The quantitative detection results showed that the samples with the colonies less than 100 CFU/g(ml) accounted for 43.33%(39/90);the samples with colonies between 100 and 100 000 CFU/g(ml) accounted for 41.11%(37/90), and the samples with the colonies over 100 000 CFU/g(ml) accounted for 15.56%(14/90). Conclusions The pollution of Bacillus cereus in the foods is wide spread in Luoyang city of Henan province, and certain kinds of foods exist great potential food safety hazard. Relevant departments should strengthen the targeted supervision based on different food categories, strengthen food safety training for employees in the food industry and the health education propaganda for the general public, in order to prevent the occurrence of foodborne diseases.
作者
杨晓燕
仝志琴
李会
徐礼扬
路立立
杨璐
YANG Xiao-yan;TONG Zhi-qin;LI Hui;XU Li-yang;LU Li-li;YANG Lu(Luoyang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Luoyang Henan 471000,China)
出处
《疾病预防控制通报》
2022年第5期70-73,共4页
Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)
