摘要
马铃薯产业是甘肃省的特色优势产业,脱毒种薯生产是马铃薯产业发展链中的关键环节。脱毒苗生产是种薯生产的源头。相比传统培养方法,马铃薯脱毒苗水培法扩繁具有降低成本、缩短生产周期、改善接种环境等特点。为了筛选马铃薯脱毒苗水培法扩繁适宜的营养液配方,以MS营养液为基础,在1/4倍、1/8倍、1/16倍、1/32倍浓度下,设置全营养液、不加有机成分营养液、不加微量元素和有机成分营养液处理,对马铃薯水培苗生长的影响进行了研究。当营养液浓度在1/16倍~1/4倍MS时,只添加大量元素、微量元素和Fe盐,不加有机成分,‘青薯9号’叶片SPAD值在41.10~42.19,单株叶片数在9.3~9.8片,茎粗、株高、单株茎叶鲜重、单株茎叶干重、单株根干重分别在1.23~1.43 mm、6.57~6.87 cm、0.56~0.58 g、40.32~41.76 mg、114.78~141.42 mg,高于同浓度下不加微量元素和有机成分营养液的处理(茎粗除外),且不同浓度间没有显著性差异;当营养液浓度为1/16倍MS时,水培苗单株根数为16.0根,根长为9.00 cm,根鲜重为0.48 g,显著高于1/4倍和1/8倍MS浓度。当营养液浓度低至1/32倍MS时,水培苗生长受阻。综合考量,在马铃薯水培苗大量扩繁的生产实践中,可将营养液浓度降至1/16倍MS,且只添加大量元素、微量元素和Fe盐,去除有机成分,可以降低生产成本,以达到节本增效的目的。
Potato industry is the dominant industry in Gansu Province, and virus-free seed potato production is the key link in the potato industry development chain. The production of virus-free seedlings is the source of seed potato production. Compared to traditional culture method, the propagation of potato virus-free seedling using hydroponic system has the characteristics of reducing cost, shortening production cycle and improving inoculation environment. In order to select the suitable formula of nutrient solution for virus-free potato seedlings in hydroponics, based on MS nutrient solution, the effects on the growth of potato seedlings in hydroponics were studied at the concentrations of 1/4, 1/8,1/16 and 1/32 MS, combined with the three treatments of total nutrient solution, no organic nutrient solution, and no trace element and no organic nutrient solution, respectively. When the concentration of nutrient solution was 1/16 to 1/4 MS with macro elements, trace elements and Fe salts but without organic components, SPAD values of ’Qingshu 9’ ranged from 41.10 to 42.19, and leaf number per plant ranged from 9.3 to 9.8. For stem diameter, plant height, fresh stem and leaf weight per plant, dry stem and leaf weight per plant, and dry root weight per plant, the range was 1.23-1.43 mm, 6.57-6.87 cm, 0.56-0.58 g, 40.32-41.76 mg, and 114.78-141.42 mg, respectively, higher than that of the treatments without both trace elements and organic components at the same concentration(except for stem diameter), and no significant difference was found in different concentrations. When the concentration was 1/16 MS, the root number per plant was16.0, the root length per plant was 9.00 cm, and the fresh root weight per plant was 0.48 g, which was significantly higher than that of the concentration of 1/4 and 1/8 MS. When the concentration of nutrient solution was as low as 1/32 MS, the growth of hydroponic seedlings was hindered. In practice, the nutrient solution concentration could be reduced to 1/16MS without organic components and only with macro elements, trace elements, and Fe salts added, which could reduce the cost, thereby saving input and increasing efficiency.
作者
陈小丽
孟红梅
马海涛
水建兵
陈自雄
谭伟军
徐祺昕
王娟
CHEN Xiaoli;MENG Hongmei;MA Haitao;SHUI Jianbing;CHEN Zixiong;TAN Weijun;XU Qixin;WANG Juan(Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Dingxi,Gansu 743000,China;Gansu Dingxi Baiquan Potato Co.,Ltd.,Dingxi,Gansu 743000,China)
出处
《中国马铃薯》
2022年第6期489-494,共6页
Chinese Potato Journal
基金
定西市科技计划(DX2021AN07)
甘肃省科技计划重大专项(21ZD11NJ003)
甘肃省技术引导创新计划-中小企业创新基金(22CX3GJ014)
甘肃省现代丝路寒旱农业发展项目(GNKJ-2020-2)。
关键词
马铃薯
水培苗
营养液
浓度
物质配比
potato
hydroponics
nutrient solution
concentration
composition
