摘要
机加工与选区激光熔化(SLM)复合成形可实现零件高效率、低成本、异种材料成形。研究在高强度机加工钢基板上SLM成形高热导率铜合金,将SLM技术与传统机加工技术相结合,复合成形复杂双金属结构。利用SLM技术在机加工316L基体材料上成形CuSn10合金,阐明了复合工艺下成形的钢铜异质结构其界面处的微观组织与力学性能。采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜以及能谱检测对界面处的微观组织及元素分布进行观察分析;通过拉伸试验以及显微硬度的测量对复合成形钢铜异质结构的力学性能进行分析。分析结果表明:钢和铜相互扩散渗透,在界面处熔合区形成钢和铜相互包围的冶金结合区域,在靠近316L基体侧结合区发现显微裂纹,并且向316L基体延伸;结合区域抗拉强度达到361.65±5.45 MPa,延伸率为3.9%±0.1%,界面处显微硬度由316L基体区域的244.9 HV逐渐降低到CuSn10区域的155.1 HV。实验结果表明,机加工与SLM技术相结合复合成形钢铜异质结构具有良好的界面结合以及力学性能。
The composite forming by machining and selective laser melting(SLM) can realize the formation of parts with high efficiency, low cost and heterogeneous materials. The preparation of copper alloy with high thermal conductivity by SLM on the high-strength machined steel substrate was investigated, and the complex bimetallic structure was formed by combining the SLM technology with traditional machining technology. CuSn10 alloy was fabricated by SLM on machined 316L matrix. The interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of steel copper heterostructure manufactured by composite forming were clarified. The microstructure and element distribution at the interface were observed and analyzed by metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum inpspection. The mechanical properties of the steel copper heterostructure were analyzed by tensile test and microhardness measurement. The results showed that: steel and copper diffused and penetrated each other, and a metallurgical bonding area surrounded by steel and copper was formed at the interface;microcracks were found in the bonding area near the 316L matrix and extending to the 316L matrix;the tensile strength of the bonding area reached 361.65 MPa±5.45 MPa and the elongation was 3.9%±0.1%;the microhardness at the interface gradually decreased from 244.9 HV in 316L matrix area to 155.1 HV in CuSn10 area. The experimental results revealed that the steel copper heterostructure formed by the combination of machining and SLM has good interface bonding and mechanical properties.
作者
李忠华
陈彦磊
刘斌
蒯泽宙
路声宇
史京帅
LI Zhonghua;CHEN Yanlei;LIU Bin;KUAI Zezhou;LU Shengyu;SHI Jingshuai(School of Materials Science and Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,Shanxi,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,Shanxi,China)
出处
《兵工学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期605-614,共10页
Acta Armamentarii
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52075502)
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51905497)
山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2019L0559)
中北大学青年学术带头人项目(QX201902)
山西省研究生创新项目(2021Y587)。
关键词
选区激光熔化
复合成形
界面结合
微观组织
力学性能
selective laser melting
hybrid manufacture
interface bonding
microstructure
mechanical properties
