摘要
乳蛋白是乳及乳制品的主要成分,其含量和组成对乳产品营养功能、加工工艺、价值及机体免疫力均有重要影响。随着乳蛋白研究的深入,对于不同乳源的蛋白种类、变异体及相应的含量测定均有相应的报道。目前,常用于乳蛋白的分离、定量、表征及快速检测方法主要有高效液相色谱法、高效液相色谱串联质谱法、毛细管电泳法、酶联免疫法等,不同的方法各有特点。酶联免疫法简便快捷、特异性好,但存在交叉反应和无法同时检测多种乳蛋白的弊端;毛细管电泳法和液相色谱法可同时分离和检测多种乳蛋白(α-乳清蛋白、β-乳球蛋白、α-酪蛋白、β-酪蛋白、κ-酪蛋白),尤其液相色谱法是最常用分离乳蛋白的方法,但部分电泳法的重复性有待进一步提升,液相色谱法需花费时间对色谱柱进行维护;液相色谱-质谱法灵敏度高,检出限低,但仪器设备价格昂贵,对操作人员要求较高。本文旨在为乳蛋白的检测提供技术参考,为乳蛋白检测方法的整合优化提供思路。
Milk protein is an important component in milk and dairy products. Its content and composition affect nutritional function, processing technology, milk product value and immunity. With the development of milk protein research, the types, variants and content determination of milk proteins from different milk sources have been reported. Currently used in the separation of milk protein, quantitative, characterization and rapid detection methods are mainly high performance liquid chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, capillary electrophoresis, enzyme-linked immunoassay and so on. In this paper, the technical characteristics of the above inspection method, summarize the research status were summarized. It is easy and specificity for enzyme-linked immunoassay. However, there are some problems such as cross reaction and inability to detect multiple milk proteins simultaneously. Capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography separation and detection at the same time a variety of milk protein(α-whey protein, β-lactoglobulin, α-casein, β-casein, κ-casein) predominate, especially liquid chromatography(HPLC) is the most commonly used method for separation of milk protein, but part of the electrophoresis of repetitive remains to be further promoted, liquid chromatography(HPLC) to maintain the chromatographic column need to spend time. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry has high sensitivity and low detection limit, but the equipment is expensive and requires high operator. The purpose of this paper is to provide reference for the detection of milk protein, and to provide ideas for the integration and optimization of milk protein detection.
作者
张琪玮
颜庭林
ZHANG Qiwei;YAN Tinglin(Gansu Province Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Research Institute,Lanzhou Gansu 730500,China)
出处
《中兽医医药杂志》
CAS
2022年第6期40-44,共5页
Journal of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine
基金
甘肃省市场监督管理局科技计划项目(SSCJG-SP-201904)。
关键词
乳蛋白
高效液相色谱法
液相色谱-质谱联用法
酶联免疫法
毛细管电泳法
milk protein
high performance liquid chromatography
liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
enzyme-linked immunoassay
capillary electrophoresis
