摘要
玉米作为我国食品和饲料工业重要的原料之一,含有丰富的营养物质,储藏不当极易引起微生物的快速生长繁殖,直接威胁其储藏安全。为了保障玉米及其加工制品的安全储藏与可食用性,基于臭氧对微生物的杀灭作用,以杀菌率为响应指标,通过单因素试验确定了不同臭氧处理条件的合适水平,并采用响应面法优化确定了臭氧处理玉米的最佳工艺条件,同时监测了臭氧处理前后的玉米主要品质指标变化情况。结果表明:影响杀菌率的因素从大到小为臭氧处理量、玉米处理量、臭氧处理时间;臭氧处理时间与玉米处理量交互作用显著(P<0.01);臭氧处理玉米的最佳杀菌工艺为臭氧处理量188.32 mg/m3、臭氧处理时间24 min、玉米处理量467 g,此条件下臭氧的杀菌率为82.28%,且对玉米主要品质指标无明显影响。臭氧处理作为一种绿色安全的储粮防霉技术手段,研究结果可为玉米的安全储藏和臭氧的实仓应用提供数据依据。
As one of the important raw materials of China′s food industry and feed industry, corn is rich in nutrients. Improper storage is easy to cause rapid growth and reproduction of microorganisms, which directly threatens storage safety. Therefore, it is urgent to explore an efficient, green and environmentally friendly method to inhibit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms during corn storage. Ozone can be used for killing microorganisms in grain storage due to its pollution-free, low cost, high sterilization efficiency, broad-spectrum and other characteristics. In this work, the sterilization rate was set as the response index, the appropriate level of different ozone treatment conditions was determined through single factor test, and the optimal sterilization process conditions of ozone treated corn were optimized by response surface method. Meanwhile, the changes of main quality indexes of corn before and after ozone treatment were monitored. The results showed that the factors affecting ozone sterilization rate were ozone treatment capacity, corn treatment capacity and ozone treatment time. The interaction between ozone treatment time and corn treatment capacity was significant(P <0.01). Based on the response surface test results of ozone sterilization rate and regression equation analysis, the mathematical model of the relationship between the sterilization rate and ozone treatment capacity, ozone treatment time, corn treatment capacity was established. The analysis showed that the determination coefficient R~2 of the regression equation was 0.992 4, indicating that the equation was significant and the response surface model fitted well, and the optimized sterilization process parameters obtained could be used for the sterilization process research of ozone treated corn. The optimized sterilization conditions of ozone treatment on corn were as follows: ozone treatment capacity 188.32 mg/m~3, ozone treatment time 24 min and corn treatment capacity 467 g, and under this condition, the sterilization rate of ozone was 82.28%, and the comparative study before and after ozone treatment showed that the optimized ozone sterilization process had no significant effect on the main quality indexes of corn. Ozone is a green and safe technology for grain storage and mildew prevention. The results of this study can provide a data basis for the safe storage of corn and the real warehouse application of ozone.
作者
周显青
宋慧玲
张咚咚
ZHOU Xianqing;SONG Huiling;ZHANG Dongdong(College of Food Science and Engineering,Engineering Research Center of Grain Storage and Security of Ministry of Education,Henan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Grain Post Harvest,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China)
出处
《河南工业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第1期97-103,共7页
Journal of Henan University of Technology：Natural Science Edition
基金
财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-03)
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(32001745)
中国科协第五届青年人才托举工程项目(2019QNRC001)。
关键词
臭氧处理
玉米
杀菌
工艺优化
ozone treatment
corn
sterilization
process optimization
