摘要
目的 掌握广安市白纹伊蚊幼虫密度、季节消长变化规律和在不同生境类型中的分布,结合广安市登革热报告病例流行病学特征,评估登革热传播风险,为预防登革热提供科学依据。方法 2017—2021年,每年5—10月采用入户调查的方式对居民户中积水容器进行调查,记录其中阳性容器的数量及类型,采用布雷图指数(BI)表示白纹伊蚊幼虫密度,结合2017—2021年登革热报告病例流行病学特征,按照《登革热媒介伊蚊监测指南》(2014版)定性评估登革热传播风险。运用SPSS 17.0软件,采用多样本秩和检验、两独立样本秩和检验、卡方检验对监测数据进行统计分析。结果 2017—2021年广安市监测期内白纹伊蚊幼虫BI均值为43.41,BI峰值主要出现在6—8月,5年间白纹伊蚊幼虫密度差异有统计学意义(H=12.557,P=0.014),不同月份间白纹伊蚊密度差异有统计学意义(H=11.919,P=0.036);积水容器幼虫阳性率为11.63%,以废旧轮胎阳性率最高,为68.55%,不同类型的积水容器之间孳生白纹伊蚊幼虫阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=518.479,P<0.001);2017—2019年广安市累计报告登革热病例26例,5—10月报告病例数占总病例数88.46%,职业构成前3位的是农民(7例)、工人(5例)、家务及待业者(4例),共占报告病例数的61.54%(16/26)。结论 广安市白纹伊蚊幼虫密度较高,存在登革热暴发和区域流行的风险,应加强白纹伊蚊幼虫密度监测,及时采取干预措施。
Objective To understand the density,seasonal fluctuations and the distribution of Aedes albopictus larvae in different habitat types,and evaluate the risk of dengue fever transmission combined with the epidemiological characteristics of reported cases of dengue fever in Guang’an City aiming to provide a scientific basis for the prevention of dengue fever.Methods From May to October in 2017 to 2021,the stagnant water containers in residential households were investigated,and the number and types of positive containers were recorded.Combined with the epidemiological characteristics of reported cases of dengue fever from 2017 to 2021,the risk of dengue transmission was qualitatively assessed according to the “Guidelines for Surveillance of Dengue Vector Aedes.” SPSS 17.0,multi-sample rank sum tests,two independent sample rank sum tests,and chi-square tests were used to analyze the monitoring data.Results During the monitoring period from 2017 to 2021 in Guangan City,the mean BI of Aedes albopictus larvae was 43.41,and the peak value of BI mainly appeared from June to August.A statistically significant difference in the density of Aedes albopictus larvae among 5 years was observed(H=12.557,P=0.014).Also,there was a statistically significant difference in the density of Aedes albopictus among different months(H=11.919,P=0.036).The positive rate of larvae in stagnant water containers was11.63%,and the highest positive rate of of larvae in waste tires was 68.55%.There was a statistically significant difference in the positive rate of Aedes albopictus larvae bred in different containers (χ^(2)=518.479,P<0.001).A total of 26 dengue fever cases were reported in 2017 to2019 in Guangan City.The number of reported cases from May to October accounted for 88.46%of the total number of cases.The top three occupational structures were farmers(7 cases),workers(5 cases),houseworkers and unemployed(4 cases),accounting for 61.54%(16/26) of the reported cases.Conclusions The density of Aedes albopictus larvae is relatively high in Guangan City,and there is a risk of dengue fever outbreaks and regional epidemics.Monitoring of the density of Aedes albopictus larvae should be strengthened,and intervention measures should be implemented in a timely manner.
作者
严成金
肖崇堃
YAN Chengjin;XIAO Chongkun(Guangan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guang'an 638500,Sichuan Province,China;Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2023年第2期166-171,共6页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
基金
四川省现场流行病学培训项目第五期。
关键词
登革热
白纹伊蚊
幼虫
布雷图指数
风险评估
Dengue fever
aedes albopictus
larva
breteau index
risk assessment
