摘要
为研究旬阳市植烟土壤主要肥力指标水平、空间分布特征及综合适宜性,采集125份土壤样本,检测pH、碱解氮、有效磷、有机质和速效钾含量,采用模糊数学隶属函数、主成分分析法、聚类分析法、土壤肥力指标法对土壤主要肥力指标含量、分布特征和适宜性进行评价。结果表明,旬阳市土壤pH值在5.52~7.23,空间分布整体以中性偏弱碱为主,适宜区主要分布于东部、南部和西部,面积占66.52%;碱解氮含量在6~536 mg/kg,平均值为100.92 mg/kg,空间分布整体偏低,偏低区面积占81.95%,适宜区面积占17.51%,成斑块状主要分布于西部、中南部和东部;有效磷含量在5.87~743.06 mg/kg,平均值为46.01 mg/kg,空间分布整体偏高,偏高区面积占98.4%,适宜区分布于西部和中部,面积占1.48%;有机质含量在1.61~30.16 g/kg,平均值为11.61 g/kg,空间分布整体偏低,含量很低面积占40.58%,适宜区面积占0.27%,主要以斑点状分布;速效钾含量在2~542 mg/kg,平均值为162.72 mg/kg,空间分布以适宜和偏低为主,适宜区分布于北部及东南部,面积占51.14%。旬阳市植烟土壤适宜性等级为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级,分别占1.68%、89.07%、9.52%,土壤肥力属于偏上水平,适宜烟草种植;在种植过程中应遵循“控磷,固钾、补氮、补充有机质”的原则,精准合理调整施肥比例,注重腐熟有机肥和氮肥的施用,控制磷肥的使用。
To study the main fertility index level, spatial distribution characteristics, and comprehensive suitability of tobacco-planting soil in Xunyang, in this study, 125 soil samples were collected to determine PH and the contents of alkalihydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, organic matter, and available potassium, and the content, distribution characteristics,and suitability of main soil fertility indexes were evaluated by means of membership function of Fuzzy mathematics, principal component analysis, cluster analysis,and soil fertility index. The rsults showed that the pH value of soil in Xunyang was between 5.52-7.23, mainly neutral weak alkali. The suitable area was mainly distributed in the east, south, and west, accounting for 66.52%. The content of alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen was between 6-536 mg/kg, with an average of 100.92 mg/kg, which was generally low. The low area accounted for 81.95%, and the suitable area accounted for 17.51%. The patches and blocks were mainly distributed in the west, central south and east. The available phosphorus content was between 5.87-743.06 mg/kg, with an average of 46.01 mg/kg, which was generally high, accounting for 98.4%. The suitable area was distributed in the west and middle, accounting for 1.48%. The content of organic matter was between 1.61-30.16 g/kg, with an average of 11.61 g/kg,which was generally low. The area with very low content accounted for 40.58%, and the area of suitable area accounted for 0.27%, which was mainly distributed in spots. The content of available potassium was between 2-542 mg/kg, with an average value of 162.72 mg/kg. It was mainly suitable and low. The suitable area was distributed in the north and southeast, accounting for 51.14%. The suitability grade of tobacco-planting soil in the city was grade I, II, and III, accounting for 1.68%, 89.07%,and 9.52%, respectively. The soil fertility belonged to the upper level, which was suitable for tobacco planting. The principle of“controlling phosphorus, fixing potassium, supplementing nitrogen, and supplementing organic matter” should be followed in the process of planting, and the proportion of fertilizer application should be adjusted accurately and reasonably, and the application of decomposed organic fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer should be paid attention to, and the use of phosphorus fertilizer should be controlled.
作者
张建东
郭全忠
周飞
杨帅
徐非
雒昆利
ZHANG Jiandong;GUO Quanzhong;ZHOU Fei;YANG Shuai;XU Fei;LUO Kunli(School of Tourism&Environment,Ankang University,Ankang 725000,China;Academician and Expert Workstation of Shaanxi,Ankang 725000,China;South Shaanxi Ecological Economic Reserach Center,Ankang 725000,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China)
出处
《山西农业科学》
2023年第3期293-298,共6页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42007283,41877299)
安康市科研项目(AK2019NY-21)。
关键词
植烟区
土壤肥力
模糊数学隶属函数
主成分分析法
聚类分析法
空间分布
适宜性
旬阳市
tobacco-planting area
soil fertility
membership function of Fuzzy mathematics
principal component analysis
cluster analysis
spatial distribution
suitability
Xunyang city
