摘要
古树是自然和历史文化瑰宝,具有重要的生态、社会、经济、科研和人文价值,在维护生物多样性、生态平衡和环境保护等方面发挥着重要作用。为更好地对福建省连城县南方红豆杉古树群落进行保育,采用样地调查法对群落的物种组成和结构进行了分析。结果表明:群落内共有维管束植物41科66属74种,含单种属的科较多;蔷薇科、禾本科、金缕梅科和樟科是该群落含有物种数最多的4个科。群落属的分布区类型有12个,其中热带性质的属30个,温带性质的属29个,中国特有属1个;热带属与温带属的比值(T/R)为1.03,与群落所处地域相吻合。重要值结果显示,南方红豆杉、毛竹和杉木位列乔木层的前3,分别为50.76%、14.33%和6.61%;灌木层以连蕊茶、檵木和椤木石楠的重要值较大,分别为4.07%、3.91%和3.60%;草本层重要值以繁缕、铁芒萁、芒占有较大优势,分别为13.30%、10.33%和9.82%。该古树群落垂直结构明显,可分成乔木层、灌木层和草本层3个层次,层间植物较少;乔木最上层以南方红豆杉占有绝对优势。连城县南方红豆杉古树群落具有重要的保护价值,但由于受人为干扰、种间竞争等因素的制约,南方红豆杉幼树与幼苗缺失。建议通过对古树群落的科学管理,构建以南方红豆杉古树为主体的风水林是保护该群落的可行之策。
Old trees play important roles in maintaining biodiversity,ecological balance and environmental protection.To conserve the old tree community of Taxus wallichiana var.mairei in Liancheng county,Fujian province,the species composition and structure of the community were analyzed using the method of sample survey.There were 74 vascular plants belonging to 66 genera of 41 families,in which most were monotypic genus.Rosaceae,Gramineae,Hamameli-daceae and Lauraceae were the four families with the largest number of species in this community.There were 12 genus areal-types in the community,which was consistent with the location of the community with the ratio of tropical element to temperate element(T/R)1.03.The important values of T.wallichiana var.mairei,Phyllostachys edulis,and Cun-ninghamia lanceolata in arbor layer of this community were relatively high,which was 50.76%,14.33%and 6.61%,respectively,while those of Camellia fraternal,Loropetalum chinense and Photinia davidsoniae in shrub layer were relatively high,which was 4.07%,3.91%and 3.60%,respectively.In herb layer,Stellaria media,Dicranopteris linearis,and Miscanthus sinensis were the top three with importance values 13.30%,10.33%and 9.82%,respectively.The verti-cal structure of this old tree community was clear,and it could be divided into three layers for arbor,shrub,and herb layers within few interlayer plants.T.wallichiana var.mairei was the dominated species in the uppermost layer.The old tree community of T.wallichiana var.mairei in Liancheng had important conservation value;however,young trees and seedlings of T.wallichiana var.mairei were missing in this community due to the constraints of human interference and interspecific competition.It is a feasible strategy to protect this community by constructing a fengshui forest with T.wallichiana var.mairei as the main body based on the scientific management.
作者
谢春平
刘大伟
沈顺霆
XIE Chunping;LIU Dawei;SHEN Shunting(College of Science,Qiongtai Normal University,Haikou,Hainan 571127,China;Faculty of Criminal Science&Technology,Nanjing Forest Police College,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210023,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期429-437,共9页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
琼台师范学院人才引进项目(2022)
国家林业和草原局生物安全与遗传资源项目(No.KJZXSA202031)
琼台师范学院热带生物多样性与资源利用实验室项目(No.QTPT21-5)。
关键词
南方红豆杉
古树群落
区系特征
福建省连城县
Taxus chinensis var.mairei
old tree community
floristic characteristics
Liancheng county,Fujian province
