摘要
桑树(Morus alba)是世界历史悠久的木本饲草作物,营养价值丰富,生长速度快,适应环境的能力强,具有饲用、食用与生态等兼用价值。桑树叶片的粗蛋白含量可达20%以上,不低于苜蓿(Medicago sativa)、白三叶(Trifolium repens)、多年生黑麦草(Perennial ryegrass)等优质牧草;粗蛋白年产量可达5.04 t·hm^(-2),粗纤维含量是苜蓿草粉的43%,粗蛋白和干物质的有效降解率均在70%左右;氨基酸种类达18种,与大豆(Glycine max)氨基酸种类及含量接近。本文对桑树产品的饲用价值、营养功能因子、产品加工方式及产业发展前景进行梳理总结,以说明桑树作为草食动物的优质饲料,以丰富、全面的营养成分和独特的功能因子,既可提高家畜的生产力水平,又可增加农业系统的作物多样性、推动草畜耦合、提高草地农业的生产力和稳定性,具有较大的开发潜力和利用价值。
Mulberry(Morus alba),a woody forage shrub with a long history of human usage,not only has rich nutritional and ecological value but also grows rapidly and has strong adaptability.The crude protein content of mulberry leaves can be at least 20%of that found in good quality forage such as alfalfa,white clover,and perennial ryegrass.The crude protein yield of mulberry is 5.04 t·ha^(-1) per year,whereas the crude fiber content is 43%of that of alfalfa,and the effective degradability of crude protein and dry matter is approximately 70%.The proteins in mulberry leaves comprise 18 types of amino acid,which is similar to the number found in soybean.As a high-quality feed for herbivores,mulberry leaves can not only improve the productivity of livestock but also enhance the crop diversity of agricultural systems,promote the coupling of grass and livestock,and improve the productivity and stability of grassland agriculture.As a rich and comprehensive source of nutrients with unique functional properties,mulberry forage has considerable development potential and utilization value.
作者
任荣荣
王俊苏
REN Rongrong;WANG Junsu(Chongqing Haitian Forestry Technology Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 405400,China;Technology Center of Chongqing Customs District P.R.,Chongqing 400000,China)
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期571-581,共11页
Pratacultural Science
关键词
桑蛋白
饲草资源
饲用价值
生物活性物质
生态价值
草畜耦合
桑粕
mulberry protein
forage resource
feeding value
bioactive substance
ecological value
coupling of grass and livestock
mulberry meal
