摘要
为促进黑龙江省玉米秸秆还田及有效防治亚洲玉米螟,2019年在哈尔滨市双城区、2020年在肇东市黎明镇对玉米秸秆地表覆盖还田、碎混还田和翻埋还田3种秸秆还田模式下的玉米田内亚洲玉米螟发生情况进行调查,并进行玉米产量测定。结果表明,还田模式对亚洲玉米螟发生有一定的影响,秸秆地表覆盖还田模式下亚洲玉米螟的发生量显著高于秸秆碎混还田和翻埋还田模式,秸秆地表覆盖还田模式比秸秆碎混还田模式下亚洲玉米螟成虫诱捕量高34.0%~40.2%,被害株率高14.7%~31.4%,百秆活虫数多28.8%~103.0%,蛀孔数多13.5%~38.9%。比翻埋还田模式下亚洲玉米螟诱捕量高47.5%~63.9%,被害株率高28.1%~35.3%,百秆活虫数多37.8%~123.3%,蛀孔数多26.3%~52.4%。还田模式对玉米产量的影响不大,秸秆碎混还田和翻埋还田模式下玉米产量均高于秸秆地表覆盖还田模式,秸秆碎混还田比地表覆盖还田模式高2.5%~2.7%,秸秆翻埋还田比地表覆盖还田模式高1.9%~2.1%,但未达到显著差异。生产中推荐采用秸秆碎混还田和秸秆翻埋还田模式来降低亚洲玉米螟田间危害,同时不影响玉米产量。
In order to promote maize straw returning to the field and the effective control of Ostrinia furnacalis in Heilongjiang Province,the Ostrinia furnacalis in straw mulching returning field mode,straw crushing returning field mode and straw ploughing returning field mode were investigated in Shuangcheng District of Harbin City in 2019 and Liming Town of Zhaodong City in 2020,and the yield of maize was measured.The results showed that the straw returning field mode had certain influence on the occurrence of Ostrinia furnacalis.The occurrence of Ostrinia furnacalis in the straw mulching returning field mode was significantly more serious than that in the straw crushing returning field mode and straw ploughing returning field mode.The trapping amount of Ostrinia furnacalis was 34.0%-40.2%higher,the infected plant rate was 14.7%-31.4%higher,the number of larvae per 100 plants was 28.8%-103.0%more,and the number of holes per 100 plants was 13.5%-38.9%more in the straw mulching returning field mode than in straw crushing returning field mode.The trapping amount of Ostrinia furnacalis was 47.5%-63.9%higher,the infected plant rate was 28.1%-35.3%higher,the number of larvae per 100 plants was 37.8%-123.3%more,and the number of holes per 100 plants was 26.3%-52.4%more in the straw mulching returning field mode than straw ploughing returning field mode.The yield of straw crushing returning field mode and straw ploughing returning field mode were higher than that of straw mulching returning field mode.The straw returning field mode was 2.5%-2.7%higher than that of the surface mulching field mode,and straw ploughing returning field mode was 1.9%-2.1%higher than that of the surface mulching field mode,but there were no significant difference.Therefore,it is recommended to use straw crushing mixed returning and straw turning to reduce the damage of Ostrinia furnacalis in the field without affecting the yield of maize.
作者
刘兴龙
王克勤
王晓曦
王宇
王春
LIU Xinglong;WANG Keqin;WANG Xiaoxi;WANG Yu;WANG Chun(Institute of Plant Protection,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Harbin,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Harbin 150086,China)
出处
《黑龙江农业科学》
2023年第4期31-35,共5页
Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”专项(HNK2019CX14)
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201803)。
关键词
亚洲玉米螟
地表覆盖还田
碎混还田
翻埋还田
玉米
产量
Ostrinia furnacalis
straw mulching returning field
straw crushing returning field
straw ploughing returning field
maize
yield
