摘要
This paper examines the energy-absorption characteristics of trains for active-passive safety protection.A one-dimensional collision-simulation model of traditional subway vehicles and active-passive safety vehicles was developed based on the multibody dynamics theory using MATLAB simulation software.The effectiveness of the simulation model was verified by scaled-collision tests.Then,the energy-absorption characteristics of traditional trains and the active-passive safety trains under different marshalling conditions were studied.The results showed that as the number of marshalling vehicles increased from 5 to 8,the energy absorption of interface 1 for the active-passive safety trains during the collision was 681 kJ,775 kJ,840 kJ and 901 kJ,and the physical compression of the interface of the head car of the active-passive safety trains was 619 mm,704 mm,764 mm and 816 mm,which was far below the maximum value of 1773 mm.The head car of the active-passive safety subway vehicles therefore had sufficient energy-absorption capacity.Finally,to find the maximum safe impact velocity of the active-passive safety trains,the energy distribution of the active-passive safety subway vehicles with 8-car marshalling at different impact velocities was studied.It was found that the safe impact velocity of an active-passive safety subway vehicle conforming to the requirements of the EN15227 collision standard reached 32 km/h,far exceeding the safe impact velocity of 25 km/h allowed by traditional trains,and representing an increase in the safe impact velocity of 28%.The total collision-energy absorption of the interface of the head car of the active-passive trains was 89.1%higher than that of the traditional trains at the safe impact velocity.The active-passive energy absorption method was therefore effective at improving the crashworthiness of the subway trains.
