摘要
为研究芽期温度对芝麻生长发育的影响,分析芽期低温胁迫对芝麻的生理响应和不同基因型种质资源对低温胁迫的反应差异,以5份对温度敏感度有差异的芝麻种质为试材,设置5个处理温度(28、25、21、18、15℃)进行暗培养处理,测定根长、芽长和苗鲜重,以此确定芝麻芽期低温胁迫的敏感温度;并对188份芝麻种质资源进行低温耐受性鉴定,通过相关性分析、隶属函数值和聚类分析进行综合评价;同时,测定不同基因型芝麻芽期低温胁迫下的生理生化指标。结果表明,随着芽期培养温度的降低,芝麻幼苗根长、芽长和苗鲜重均逐渐下降,在18℃下降显著,且不同基因型材料之间的测定指标相对值差异较大。聚类分析将188份芝麻种质资源聚为5类,即5份高耐低温材料,42份耐低温材料,44份中耐低温材料,50份不耐低温材料和47份极不耐低温材料。不同地理来源的供试材料低温耐受性有一定差异,其中,中部江淮地区低温耐受性丰富度大;芝麻芽期低温胁迫时,不同基因型芝麻芽和根的H_(2)O_(2)、丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量均出现不同程度的上升,其中H_(2)O_(2)、MDA含量显著增加,过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性增强。筛选出驻芝19号、漯芝16号等5份芽期高耐低温种质,以期为耐低温芝麻种质资源发掘和新品种选育奠定基础。
To study the effects of temperature on the growth and development of sesame seeds at the early seedling period,and analyze the physiological response to low temperature stress during sesame early seedling period and the differences in the responses of different genotypes of germplasm resources to low temperature stress.In this study,5 sesame germplasms with different temperature sensitivities were used as the test materials,5 treatment temperatures(28,25,21,18,15℃)were set for dark culture treatment,the root length,shoot length and seedling fresh weight were measured and analyzed to determine the sensitive temperature for low temperature stress during the early seedling preiod.The low-temperature tolerance of 188 sesame germplasm resources was evaluated by correlation analysis,membership function value and cluster analysis.In addition,we determined the physiological and biochemical indexes of different genotypes materials under low temperature tress at early seedling period.The results showed that with the decrease of temperature,root length,shoot length and fresh weight of sesame at early seedling stage showed a gradual downward trend,which decreased significantly at 18℃.The 188 sesame germplasm materials were clustered into 5 groups by cluster analysis,including 5 highly low-temperature resistant materials,42 low-temperature resistant materials,44 intermediately low-temperature resistant materials,50 low-temperature intolerant materials and 47 extremely low-temperature intolerant materials.The results of geographical classification showed that there were certain differences in the low-temperature tolerance of test materials from different geographical sources,among which the low-temperature tolerance richness of central Jianghuai region was large.Under low temperature stress at early seedling stage,the physiological indexes of different genotypes of sesame shoot and root increased to different degrees,such as contents of H_(2)O_(2),MDA,proline,soluble sugar and soluble protein,among which H_(2)O_(2) and MDA contents increased significantly,and CAT and SOD activities increased.5 highly low-temperature tolerant germplasm resources were screened out,such as Zhuzhi19 and Luozhi16,so as to lay a foundation for the exploration of low-temperature resistant sesame germplasm resources and the breeding of new varieties.
作者
赵云燕
孙建
梁俊超
王郅琪
颜廷献
颜小文
危文亮
乐美旺
ZHAO Yunyan;SUN Jian;LIANG Junchao;WANG Zhiqi;YAN Tingxian;YAN Xiaowen;WEI Wenliang;LE Meiwang(College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei,China;Nanchang Branch of National Center of Oilcrops Improvement,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Oilcrops Biology,Institute of Crops Research,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China)
出处
《浙江农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期752-768,共17页
Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis
基金
国家特色油料产业技术体系(CARS-14)
江西省重点研发计划(20212BBF63011)
江西省第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动。
关键词
芝麻
芽期
低温胁迫
种质
基因型
sesame
early seedling stage
low temperature stress
germplasm resource
genotype
