摘要
“该为,能为,但不为”系不作为犯罪之成立路径,而作为义务的设置以作为能力为参照,作为可能的衡量以作为能力为标尺,因此,作为能力系成立不作为犯罪的重要评价依据。实践中网络服务提供者因技术功能不同而在作为能力水平上存在差异,而规范文本理想化地赋予所有网络服务提供者近乎一致的义务内容,忽视了不同主体间以技术功能为核心的种类差异,导致犯罪评价忽视个体差异、罪名选择和适用相对片面。正确的做法是设置以技术功能为核心的层次化区分标准,将网络服务提供者划分为内容类、中间类和其他复合类,考察不同主体在实施不作为犯罪时是否齐备保证人地位、作为能力和作为可能等要件内容,还需要在此基础上探究不同犯罪参与模式、义务模式以及主体模式下典型的不作为犯罪成立情形,以厘清网络服务提供者不作为犯罪成立的常见类型,避免不当归责。
“Should act,be able to do something,but do not act”is the path to the establishment of inaction as a type of crime,and the setting of obligations is based on the ability to act actively as a reference,and as a possible measure of the ability to act actively as a yardstick,therefore,the ability to act actively is an important evaluation basis for the establishment of inaction as a type of crime.In practice,network service providers differ in their ability to act positively due to different technical functions,while the normative text idealizes the almost consistent content of obligations for all network service providers,ignoring the differences in types of technical functions as the core between different subjects,resulting in criminal evaluation ignoring individual differences,and the selection and application of crimes being more one-sided.The correct approach is to set up hierarchical differentiation standards with technical functions as the core,divide network service providers into content,intermediary and other composite categories,and examine whether different subjects have full guarantor status,ability to act positively,and possible elements when committing inaction as a type of crimes,and on this basis,it is also necessary to explore the establishment of different criminal participation models,obligation models and typical inaction as a type of crimes under the subject mode,so as to clarify the common types of inaction as a type of crimes established by network service providers and avoid misattribution.
作者
姚自豪
YAO Zihao(School of Law,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)
出处
《宜宾学院学报》
2023年第4期60-67,共8页
Journal of Yibin University
关键词
网络服务提供者
技术功能
不作为犯罪类型
network service provider
technical function
inaction as a type of crime
