摘要
奶牛乳腺炎是制约奶牛养殖效益和奶品质的主要疾病之一,为了解当前长春市某大型集约化奶牛场奶牛乳腺炎病原菌流行和耐药情况,本试验对该场奶牛乳腺炎发病情况进行了调查,对采集的119份临床型乳腺炎乳样进行细菌分离鉴定并对分离鉴定的病原菌进行小鼠致病性试验和药敏试验。结果显示:该场奶牛乳腺炎发病率在4%左右,初产牛乳腺炎发病率明显高于经产牛,乳腺炎发病率还与胎次、年龄等因素相关。本试验共分离鉴定出木糖葡萄球菌49株(42.2%)、松鼠葡萄球菌39株(33.6%)、大肠杆菌15株(12.9%)、金黄色葡萄球菌5株(4.3%)、无乳链球菌3株(2.6%)、菠萝泛菌3株(2.6%)、产酸克雷伯菌1株(0.9%)和铜绿假单胞菌1株(0.9%);其中菠萝泛菌、无乳链球菌和铜绿假单胞菌对小鼠具有较强致病性。药敏试验结果显示,分离菌株的耐药性普遍存在,大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌耐药种类最多。除无乳链球菌外,其他菌株均对庆大霉素或阿米卡星敏感,可作为该场奶牛乳腺炎治疗首选药物。本试验通过对该场乳腺炎调查、分离菌鉴定和耐药性分析,为该场乳腺炎的防治提供了参考依据。
Dairy cow mastitis is one of the main diseases that restrict the efficiency of cow breeding and milk quality.In order to understand the prevalence and drug resistance of the pathogenic bacteria of cow mastitis in a large intensive dairy farm in Changchun,this study investigated the incidence of mastitis in the farm,and collected 119 clinical mastitis milk samples from the farm,performed culture isolation and identification,and conducted mouse pathogenicity test and drug sensitivity test on the pathogenic bacteria identified.The results showed that the incidence rate of mastitis was about 4%,the incidence rate of mastitis in primipara was significantly higher than that in multiparous cows,and the incidence rate of mastitis was also related to factors such as parity and age.In this study,49 strains of Staphylococcus xylosus(42.2%),39 strains of Staphylococcus squirrel(33.6%),15 strains of Escherichia coli(12.9%),5 strains of Staphylococcus aureus(4.3%),3 strains of Streptococcus lactis(2.6%),3 strains of Panax pineapple(2.6%),1 strain of Klebsiella acidogenes(0.9%)and 1 strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa(0.9%)were isolated and identified.Among them,P.pineapple,S.agalactis and P.aeruginosa displayed strong pathogenicity in mice.The results of drug sensitivity test showed that the drug resistance of the isolated strains was widespread.The most resistant species were E.coli and P.aeruginosa.Except for S.agalactis,other strains were sensitive to gentamicin or amikacin,which could be used as the first choice for the treatment of cow mastitis in this farm.Through the investigation of mastitis,identification of isolated bacteria and analysis of drug resistance,this study provides a reference for the prevention and treatment of mastitis in this farm.
作者
张晓光
李子亨
刘海瑶
李娜
闫广谋
雷连成
ZHANG Xiao-guang;LI Zi-heng;LIU Hai-yao;LI Na;YAN Guang-mou;LEI Lian-cheng(College of Veterinary Medicine,Jilin University,Changchun 130000,China;College of Life Science and Engineering,Northwest Minzu University,Lanzhou 730030,China;College of Animal Science,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434000,China)
出处
《中国兽医杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第4期52-58,共7页
Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31772715)。
关键词
乳腺炎
病原菌
分离鉴定
致病性
耐药性
mastitis
pathogenic bacteria
isolation and identification
pathogenicity
drug resistance
