摘要
亚硝酸(HONO)是大气中光化学氧化剂⋅OH的关键前体物,对大气污染物的迁移､转化和去除过程有重要的影响.HONO在大气中的去除过程与归宿密切相关,但目前对于HONO去除途径的总结有待完善.因此,本文通过对外场观测､实验室模拟以及理论计算的相关研究进行梳理,发现HONO与各类污染物可发生均相､非均相化学反应,划分大气中HONO的去除途径为:1.光解去除;2.与无机物发生反应,如⋅OH､HO_(2)⋅､H⋅､含氮物质､含卤素物质､含硫物质等,这些既包括直接与自由基发生的反应,也包括与无机化合物发生的反应;3.与有机物发生反应,HONO可以通过直接或间接的方式与有机物发生硝化反应生成硝基衍生物;4.沉降去除(湿沉降､干沉降).当前有关HONO去除途径的研究主要集中在机理研究上,今后可以引入实验或者模型模拟进行佐证,同时对去除过程中的各类影响因素进行深入分析.此外,目前HONO非均相去除反应的研究重点在常见颗粒物催化作用下HONO的自反应上,未来可以引入更多的反应条件,模拟更真实大气环境条件下HONO的去除过程.
Nitric acid(HONO)is the key precursor of photochemical oxidant OH in the atmosphere,which has an important influence on the migration,transformation and removal of air pollutants.The removal processes of HONO in the atmosphere are closely related to its fate whose understanding,however,needs to be improved.It can be concluded from field observation,laboratory simulation and theoretical calculation that HONO can react with various pollutants in homogeneous and heterogeneous ways,which can be divided into four ways to remove HONO in the atmosphere:(1)the photolysis;(2)the reaction with inorganic substances,such as⋅OH,HO2⋅,H⋅,nitrogen-containing substances,halogen-containing substances,sulfur-containing substances,etc.,which include both direct reactions with free radicals and reactions with inorganic compounds;(3)the reaction with organic matter,which can directly or indirectly produce nitro derivatives;and(4)the settlement removal(wet settlement,dry settlement).At present,the studies on HONO removal mainly focused on mechanism;especially for heterogeneous removal of HONO,more efforts were put on the self-reaction of HONO with the participation of common catalytic particles.In the future,more experiments or model simulations are needed to deeply explore various factors affecting HONO removal and simulate the removal process of HONO under real atmospheric conditions.
作者
王雪瑶
何翔
林登
WANG Xue-yao;HE Xiang;LIN Deng(College of Ecology and Environment,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830017,China;Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology,Ministry of Education,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830017,China;Xinjiang Jinghe Observation and Research Station of Temperate Desert Ecosystem,Ministry of Education,Urumqi 830017,China)
出处
《中国环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期2152-2160,共9页
China Environmental Science
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(22006124)
新疆维吾尔自治区创新环境建设专项—科技创新基地建设项目(PT2107)。
