摘要
本试验旨在研究产蛋高峰至产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质以及血浆、肝脏和输卵管氧化损伤随时间的变化特征。选取135只健康、体况基本一致的34周龄海兰褐蛋鸡,设9个重复,每个重复15只鸡。试验期48周,在34、46、58、70和82周龄采样,测定蛋品质、血浆氧化损伤标志物和抗氧化酶活性;测定34、58和82周龄蛋鸡肝脏、输卵管膨大部和子宫部的氧化损伤标志物和抗氧化酶活性。结果表明:1)与34、40和46周龄相比,76周龄时产蛋率显著降低(P<0.05);与34和40周龄相比,76周龄时平均蛋重显著提高(P<0.05);与64周龄相比,82周龄时破蛋率显著提高(P<0.05)。2)82周龄时蛋壳强度和蛋黄颜色显著低于34、46和58周龄时(P<0.05),70和82周龄时蛋白高度和哈氏单位显著低于34和46周龄时(P<0.05),70和82周龄时蛋壳指数显著高于34和46周龄时(P<0.05)。3)82周龄时血浆中丙二醛(MDA)、8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-OHdG)和硝基酪氨酸(NT)含量显著高于34周龄时(P<0.05),58周龄时血浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著高于34和46周龄时(P<0.05),46和58周龄时血浆中谷胱甘肽过氧化物歧化酶(GSH-Px)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著高于34、70和82周龄时(P<0.05);82周龄时肝脏中MDA、8-OHdG、NT含量以及T-AOC和SOD、GSH-Px活性显著高于34和58周龄时(P<0.05);82周龄时输卵管膨大部中MDA、8-OHdG和NT含量显著高于34周龄时(P<0.05),82周龄时输卵管膨大部中T-AOC和GSH-Px活性显著低于34周龄时(P<0.05),58周龄时输卵管膨大部中SOD活性显著高于34和82周龄时(P<0.05);82周龄输卵管子宫部中MDA和8-OHdG含量显著高于34周龄时(P<0.05),58周龄输卵管子宫部中SOD和GSH-Px活性显著高于34和82周龄时(P<0.05),58和82周龄时输卵管子宫部中T-AOC显著低于34周龄时(P<0.05)。综上所述,从产蛋高峰期到产蛋后期,蛋鸡的生理代谢活动会随周龄增长而变化,导致蛋鸡生产性能降低,蛋品质下降,输卵管膨大部和子宫部抗氧化能力退化。
This experiment was conducted to study the variation characteristics of performance,egg quality and oxidative damage in plasma,liver and oviduct of laying hens from peak to late laying period with time.A total of 135 healthy Hy-Line brown laying hens at 34 weeks of age with similar body condition were selected and 9 replicates were set with 15 hens per replicate.The experiment lasted for 48 weeks.Samples were collected at 34,46,58,70 and 82 weeks of age to determine egg quality,plasma markers of oxidative damage and antioxidant enzyme activity;and markers of oxidative damage and activities of antioxidant enzymes in liver,oviduct enlargement and uterine oviduct of laying hens at 34,58 and 82 weeks of age were also determined.The results showed as follows:1)compared with 34,40 and 46 weeks of age,the laying rate at 76 weeks of age was significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with 34 and 40 weeks of age,the average egg weight at 76 weeks of age was significantly increased(P<0.05);and compared with 64 weeks of age,the broken egg rate at 82 weeks of age was significantly increased(P<0.05).2)The eggshell strength and yolk color at 82 weeks of age were significantly lower than those at 34,46 and 58 weeks of age(P<0.05),the egg white height and Haugh unit at 70 and 82 weeks of age were significantly lower than those at 34 and 46 weeks of age(P<0.05),and the eggshell index at 70 and 82 weeks of age was significantly higher than those at 34 and 46 weeks of age(P<0.05).3)The contents of malondialdehyde(MDA),8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine(8-OHdG)and nitrotyrosine(NT)in plasma at 82 weeks of age were significantly higher than those at 34 weeks of age(P<0.05),the superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity in plasma at 58 weeks of age was significantly higher than that at 34 and 46 weeks of age(P<0.05),and the glutathione peroxidase dismutase(GSH-Px)activity and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in plasma at 46 and 58 weeks of age were significantly higher than those at 34,70 and 82 weeks of age(P<0.05);the contents of MDA,8-OHdG and NT and T-AOC as well as the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in liver at 82 weeks of age were significantly higher than those at 34 and 58 weeks of age(P<0.05);the contents of MDA,8-OHdG and NT in oviduct enlargement at 82 weeks of age were significantly higher than those at 34 weeks of age(P<0.05),the T-AOC and GSH-Px activity in oviduct enlargement at 82 weeks of age were significantly lower than those at 34 weeks of age(P<0.05),and the SOD activity in oviduct enlargement at 58 weeks of age was significantly higher than that at 34 and 82 weeks of age(P<0.05);the contents of MDA and 8-OHdG in uterine oviduct at 82 weeks of age were significantly higher than those at 34 weeks of age(P<0.05),the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in uterine oviduct at 58 weeks of age were significantly higher than those at 34 and 82 weeks of age(P<0.05),and the T-AOC in uterine oviduct at 58 and 82 weeks of age was significantly lower than that at 34 weeks of age(P<0.05).In conclusion,the physiological and metabolic activities of laying hens change with the increase of weeks of age from peak to late laying period,leading to the decrease of performance,egg quality,and the degradation of antioxidant capacity in oviduct enlargement and uterine oviduct of laying hens.
作者
陈炳旭
宋丹
段涛
王薇薇
闵育娜
CHEN Bingxu;SONG Dan;DUAN Tao;WANG Weiwei;MIN Yuna(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration,Beijing 100037,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期2981-2989,共9页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(ZX2215)
国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-40)。
关键词
周龄
蛋鸡
生产性能
蛋品质
抗氧化能力
weeks of age
laying hens
performance
egg quality
antioxidant capacity
