发达国家社会保障制度“保民生”的经验教训与政策启示被引量：4

Experiences,Lessons and Policy Enlightenment in the Social Security Systems of Developed Countries in"Safeguarding People's Livelihood"

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摘要 20世纪以来,发达国家不断完善社会保障制度体系来保障和改善社会成员的基本生活,并以提升就业意愿为导向改革社会保障制度,推进社会成员依靠劳动改善生活质量,有效地缓解了收入差距,客观上促进了社会公平,是社会保障制度“保民生”的有益经验。然而,发达国家也曾面临由社会保障制度理念片面化引发社会保障政策选择极端化,社会保障制度盲目发展打破社会保障制度与经济发展的协调状态,社会保障制度发展中的问题和矛盾加剧社会分歧等历史教训。由此,呈现出以社会保障制度体系不断完善实现对社会问题的全面应对,以提升个人责任为取向的社会保障制度改革推动主体责任的协调,兼顾社会保障制度与经济社会发展以实现社会成员基本生活保障的可持续等政策启示。 Since the 20th century,developed countries have been committed to ensuring and improving the basic livelihood of their members through continuous improvement of social security systems.They have undertaken social security reforms with the aim of enhancing employment willingness,promoting self-reliance,and improving the quality of basic living for social members.The social security system has effectively mitigated income inequality,wealth disparities,and per capita social expenditure gaps,objectively promoting social fairness.This constitutes the main experience of developed countries in the"livelihood protection"aspect of their social security systems.However,developed countries have also faced extreme policy choices resulting from the one-sidedness of social security system concepts,which led to the extreme development of social security policies.The rigid and blind development of social security systems disrupted the coordination between social security systems and economic development,exacerbating social divisions and presenting significant historical lessons.It is evident that continuous improvement of the social security system is necessary to comprehensively address social issues.Social security system reforms,oriented towards enhancing individual responsibility,should promote the coordination of primary responsibilities and consider both the social security system and economic and social development.This is crucial for achieving sustainable basic livelihood protection for social members and serves as an important policy insight for the practice of guaranteeing and improving the basic livelihood of social members in developed countries through their social security systems.

作者丁建定谌基东 DING Jianding;CHEN Jidong

机构地区华中科技大学社会学院/华中科技大学养老服务研究中心

出处《社会保障研究》 CSSCI 北大核心 2023年第2期85-94,共10页 Social Security Studies

基金 2019年度国家社科基金重大项目“《西方社会保障制度史》(多卷本)”(立项号:19ZDA234)的阶段性成果。

关键词社会保障基本生活历史经验历史教训政策启示 social security basic life historical experience lessons from history policy enlightenment

分类号 D57 [政治法律—国际政治] D632.1 [政治法律—中外政治制度]