摘要
为了提高遵义地区魔芋单产及标准化种植水平,本研究比较了不同覆盖方式对林下栽培魔芋生长的影响。结果表明:不覆盖栽培时,魔芋一年要人工除草4次,用药量达到14 000 mL/hm2,除草用工为600 h/hm2,病死率达到15.0%;与不覆盖栽培相比,采用黑膜覆盖、银膜覆盖和杂草覆盖栽培魔芋一年可使施药次数减少1~2次,用药量减少32.1%~42.9%,除草用工减少50%~60%,魔芋病死率降低33.3%~66.7%。而且,采用黑膜覆盖和银膜覆盖进行魔芋栽培时,魔芋主茎高度、基部直径、发芽率和膨大系数等生长指标均明显优于采用杂草覆盖栽培和不覆盖栽培。说明在相同的肥水管理条件下,采取黑膜覆盖和银膜覆盖的种植方式进行林下魔芋种植,可减少病虫草害的发生,促进魔芋生长,增大魔芋膨大系数,有利于实现魔芋优质高产。
In order to improve the yield and standardized planting level of Amorphophallus konjac in Zunyi area,this study compared the effects of different covering methods on the growth of A.konjac under forest cultivation.The results showed that when cultivated without covering,A.konjac was artificially weeded four times a year,with a dosage of 14000 mL/hm2 and a weeding time of 600 h/hm2,resulting in a mortality rate of 15.0%.Compared with uncovered cultivation,using black film mulching,silver film mulching and weed mulching for A.konjac cultivation could reduce the number of pesticide applications,the dosage,weeding time and the mortality rate of A.konjac by 1-2 times a year,32.1%-42.9%,50%-60%,33.3%-66.7%,respectively.Moreover,using black film mulching and silver film mulching for A.konjac cultivation,the growth indicators such as the height of the main stem,basal diameter,germination rate,and expansion coefficient of A.konjac were significantly better than those of using weed mulching and uncovered cultivation.It shows that under the same fertilizer and water management conditions,black film mulching and silver film mulching can reduce the occurrence of diseases,pests and weeds,promote the growth of A.konjac,increase the expansion coefficient of A.konjac,which is beneficial to achieving high-quality and high-yield of A.konjac.
作者
兰宣莲
曾庆庆
赵盈盈
周丹
刘远伦
吴康
王瑾
詹永发
LAN Xuanlian;ZENG Qingqing;ZHAO Yingying;ZHOU Dan;LIU Yuanlun;WU Kang;WANG Jin;ZHAN Yongfa(Zunyi Agricultural Science Research Institute,Zunyi Guizhou 563000;Guizhou Sericulture(Pepper)Research Institute,Zunyi Guizhou 563000)
出处
《现代农业科技》
2023年第12期74-76,79,共4页
Modern Agricultural Science and Technology
基金
遵义市科技计划项目“林下魔芋栽培技术研究”(遵市科合HZ字[2020]148号)
遵义市科技计划项目“珠芽魔芋新品种引进及高产栽培技术研究”(遵市科合支撑NS[2021]6号)。
关键词
魔芋
覆盖方式
林下栽培
农艺性状
病死率
Amorphophallus konjac
covering method
cultivation under forest
agronomic trait
mortality rate
