摘要
为解决大蒜去皮装置存在的去皮率低、蒜米易损伤等问题,本文以山东金乡大蒜为研究对象,选取分离方向、含水率和载荷加载速度为试验因素进行蒜皮分离力学试验,得到不同试验条件下蒜皮的极限分离力值,分析各因素对蒜皮分离力值的影响,并对不同含水率蒜皮进行横、纵向拉伸和剪切力学特性试验。试验结果表明,①分离方向、含水率和载荷加载速度对极限分离力影响极显著(P<0.01)。影响因素最大为含水率,次之为分离方向,最小为载荷加载速度,最优因素组合为根部向鳞芽分离、含水率15%、载荷加载速度10 mm/min;②含水率对蒜皮横、纵向抗拉力影响显著。含水率在10%~30%时,横向抗拉力为3.23、5.95、8.69、11.67、10.03 N,纵向抗拉力为8.79、10.64、15.11、21.13、18.85 N,蒜皮纵向抗拉力约为横向抗拉力的1.74~2.72倍。通过高速摄影观察拉伸过程,验证了蒜皮在拉伸试验中横向拉伸,蒜皮为脆性断裂;在拉伸实验中纵向拉伸,蒜皮为韧性断裂;③含水率对蒜皮剪切力影响显著,含水率在10%~30%时,剪切力为5.29、8.21、11.38、15.25、12.66 N。该研究可为大蒜剥皮机械的设计与优化提供参数依据。
In order to solve the problems of low peeling rate and easy damage of garlic rice existing in the garlic peeling device at present,taking Jinxiang garlic in Shandong Province as the research object,the separation direction,moisture content and load loading speed were selected as the test factors to carry out the garlic peel separation mechanical test,and the ultimate separation force value of garlic peel under different test conditions was obtained,and the influence of various factors on the garlic peel separation force value was analyzed Longitudinal tensile and shear mechanical properties test.The test results show that:1)The separation direction,water content and loading speed have very significant effects on the ultimate separation force(P<0.01).The maximum influence factor is water content,followed by separation direction,and the minimum is load loading speed.The best combination of factors is root to bud separation,water content 15%,and load loading speed 10 mm/min;2)The moisture content has a significant effect on the transverse and longitudinal tensile resistance of garlic peel.When the moisture content is 10%~30%,the transverse tensile resistance is 3.23,5.95,8.69,11.67 and 10.03 N,and the longitudinal tensile resistance is 8.79,10.64,15.11,21.13 and 18.85 N.The longitudinal tensile resistance of garlic peel is about 1.74~2.72 times of the transverse tensile resistance.By observing the tensile process with high-speed photography,it was verified that the garlic peel was brittle fracture in the transverse tensile test;The garlic peel is ductile fracture under longitudinal tension;3)The moisture content has a significant effect on the shear force of garlic peel.When the moisture content is 10%~30%,the shear force is 5.29,8.21,11.38,15.25 and 12.66 N.This study can provide parameter basis for the design and optimization of garlic peeling machine.
作者
李心平
孙臣臣
王升升
Li Xinping;Sun Chenchen;Wang Shengsheng(College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471003,China)
出处
《现代农业装备》
2023年第3期2-10,共9页
Modern Agricultural Equipment
基金
国家自然科学基金(52005163)。
关键词
分离
力学特性
含水率
separate
hydroponic lettuce
water cont
