摘要
以自选的菊苣株系为研究对象,于2020年9月9日播种,播种后76~181 d每隔1周左右采收1次,测定根的糖分、可溶性蛋白质、游离氨基酸含量以及软化后芽球的形态指标,探讨不同采收期对根系营养成分及芽球产量的影响。结果表明:根和叶含水量均随气温下降而降低并在大寒节气前后达到最低点;在播种后76~153 d,根的总糖含量持续增加,而还原糖含量则为当最低气温低于0℃且持续时间较长时增加,153 d以后根的总糖含量逐渐下降而还原糖含量的变化规律也发生了改变;根的可溶性蛋白质含量在104~146 d明显下降,游离氨基酸含量在90~160 d上升,以后下降。相关性分析表明,播种后76~153 d采收的植株,其芽球直径和重量分别与根的干重、总糖、还原糖、游离氨基酸含量呈显著相关,芽球转化率仅与单位重量根中的还原糖含量呈显著相关,软化天数分别与根干重、总糖、还原糖、游离氨基酸含量呈显著负相关。综合分析表明,所选菊苣株系在越冬期间未发生冻害,适当延期采收可使包括糖分和氨基酸在内的干物质充分积累,在南京地区1月初至2月上旬采收植株有利于保证芽球产量和品质。
Self-selected Cichorium Intybus L.were sown at 9 September,2020 and harvested every week from 76 to 181 days after sowing.The contents of total sugar,soluble protein,free amino acids and the morphological indexes of softened buds were measured,and the effects of different harvest dates on root nutrients and bud yield were discussed.The results showed that the water content of roots and leaves was decreased with the decrease of temperature,and reached the lowest point around the Major Cold solar term.From 76 to 153 days after sowing,the total sugar content of roots continued to increase,while the reducing sugar content increased when the minimum temperature was lower than 0℃and lasted for a long time,the total sugar content of roots gradually was decreased and the change law of reducing sugar also changed after 153 days.The soluble protein content of roots was decreased significantly from 104 to 146 days after sowing,and the free amino acids content was increased from 90 to 160 days.The correlation analysis showed that the diameter and weight of bud ball of plants harvested 76 to 153 days after sowing were significantly correlated with the dry weight,total sugar,reducing sugar and free amino acids content of roots,respectively,the bud ball conversion rate was significantly correlated only with the reducing sugar content in root per unit weight,and the softening days were significantly negatively correlated with the dry weight,total sugar,reducing sugar and free amino acids content of roots,respectively.The comprehensive analysis results showed that there was no freezing injury during the overwintering period of selected Cichorium Intybus L.strains,and the dry matter including sugar and amino acids could be fully accumulated by appropriately delaying the harvest.It is suggested that the succulent roots should be harvested from early January to early February in Nanjing,which is conducive to ensure the yield and quality of buds.
作者
冯秀娟
任冰如
牛冠婷
黄晓杰
朱超伟
孟秀花
丁晓琴
盖亚男
刘艳
陈剑
FENG Xiu-juan;REN Bing-ru;NIU Guan-ting;HUANG Xiao-jie;ZHU Chao-wei;MENG Xiu-hua;DING Xiao�qin;GAI Ya-nan;LIU Yan;CHEN Jian(School of Light Industry and Food,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210037;Institute of Botany,Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Jiangsu Provincial Service Center for Anti-diabetic Drugs Screening,Nanjing Jiangsu 210014)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期184-189,共6页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
国家自然科学基金(81973463)
江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(20)3167)。
关键词
菊苣
采收期
根系
营养成分
芽球产量
Cichorium intybus L.
harvest time
root system
nutrients
bud yield
