摘要
水平衡是自然界最重要的物质平衡之一,与水循环系统良性运行、生态系统稳定演替和水资源可持续利用具有密切关系。然而,已有研究对于水平衡的基本概念以及如何构建适宜的水平衡状态等重要问题,在理论和方法层面仍缺乏系统阐述。本文基于自然-社会水循环特点,深入阐述了区域水平衡的基本概念和多重内涵,解析了影响水平衡状态的主要自然和人类活动因素;从水循环系统的生态环境和社会经济综合服务功能出发,提出了健康水平衡的定义;建立了区域健康水平衡的综合评判准则与方法,提出了水循环系统的支撑能力提升和承载压力控减相结合的健康水平衡实现路径。健康水平衡可为国土空间发展规划与实践中落实量水发展原则提供重要指导。
Water balance is a principal material balance in the world.It is closely connected with the normal operation of water cycle system,the stable evolution of the ecosystem and the sustainable utilization of water resources.However,existing discussion on the basic concept of water balance and the methodology of forming appropriate water balance is rather scarce.Based on the characteristics of natural-social coupled water cycle,regional water balance is deeply illustrated including its basic concept,multiple connotations and main traits.Meanwhile,the main natural and anthropological factors influencing the state of water balance is expounded.Then,the definition of healthy water balance is proposed.Furthermore,comprehensive criterions for regional healthy water balance is elaborated.A bilateral path to healthy water balance realization is also proposed,which combines carrying capacity improvement and pressure reduction of the water cycle system.Healthy water balance provides a vital instruction for implementing the principal of water-based development in the planning and practice of territory space development.
作者
张建云
胡庆芳
王银堂
金君良
ZHANG Jianyun;HU Qingfang;WANG Yintang;JIN Junliang(The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China;Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development,Nanjing 210098,China)
出处
《水科学进展》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期323-335,共13页
Advances in Water Science
基金
中国工程院咨询研究项目(2020-ZD-20)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费经费资助项目(Y521021)。
关键词
区域水平衡
健康水平衡
实现路径
自然-社会水循环
国土空间
水安全保障
regional water balance
healthy water balance
implementation path
natural-social coupled water cycle
territory space
water security guarantee
