摘要
勘探表明塔里木盆地塔北—阿满北部地区超深层仍富含液态烃,但由于与油气相态和保存有关的地温场研究很薄弱,进而制约了该地区的下一步油气勘探.本文结合多种测温数据和一维稳态热传导方程系统,研究了塔北—阿满北部地区现今地温梯度、大地热流、定深(6000~10000 m)及重点层系温度平面分布特征.塔北—阿满北部地区0~5000 m统一深度现今地温梯度介于16.2~25.3℃·km^(-1)之间,平均值为21.0±1.4℃·km^(-1);现今大地热流介于27.4~44.5 mW·m^(-2)之间,平均值为35.4±2.5 mW·m^(-2),表明其现今地温场整体表现为"冷"的热背景.6000~10000 m超深层地层温度随着埋深增加而逐渐增大,平面上具有由北向南先减小后增大,由东向西逐渐减小的展布特征,这主要与岩石圈热结构、基底起伏和岩石热物性参数等因素有关.塔北—阿满北部地区奥陶系底界温度介于107.0~171.0℃之间,平均值为145.1℃,表明上部奥陶系储层普遍有利于液态烃保存;寒武系底界玉尔吐斯组烃源岩现今温度介于120.8~184.7℃之间,平均值为155.9℃,平面上表现为由西北向东南方向逐渐增大的特征.这种分布特征与奥陶系原油密度呈负相关性,而与气油比和天然气干燥系数呈正相关性.本文不仅阐明了塔北—阿满北部地区超深层现今地温场特征,而且探讨了超深层地温场与下古生界油气地球化学性质之间的关系,对超深层海相碳酸盐岩下一步油气勘探具有重要的指导意义.
Exploration shows that the superdeep layers in the Tabei-Northern Aman area of the Tarim Basin are still rich in liquid hydrocarbons.However,the research on its thermal regime related to the phase and preservation of the oil and gas is still few.This situation restricts further oil and gas exploration.This paper combined massive temperature measurement data and a 1-D steady-state heat conduction equation to systematically study the present-day geothermal gradients,terrestrial heat flow,and temperature distribution characteristics of different depths and key strata in the Tabei-Northern Aman area.The present-day geothermal gradients at unified depth of 0~5000 m range from 16.2 to 25.3℃·km^(-1) with a mean of 21.0±1.4℃·km^(-1).The heat flow varies between 27.4~44.5 mW·m^(-2) with an average value of 35.4±2.5 mW·m^(-2).They show that the present-day geothermal field of the Tabei-Northern Aman area is a"cold"thermal background.The formation temperature of 6000~10000 m superdeep layers increases with increasing burial depth.It has a distribution characteristic of decreasing first and then increasing from north to south and decreasing from east to west on the plane,which is mainly related to the lithospheric thermal structure,basement relief and rock's thermophysical parameters.The present-day formation temperature at the bottom of the Ordovician in the Tabei-Northern Aman area is between 107.0~171.0℃with an average value of 145.1℃,indicating that the upper reservoirs are generally suitable to the preservation of liquid hydrocarbons.The present-day temperature of the Yuertusi Formation source rocks at the bottom of the Cambrian is between 120.8~184.7℃with an average value of 155.9℃,which shows a gradual increase from northwest to southeast.The temperature distribution feature is negatively correlated with the density of the Ordovician crude oil and positively correlated with the gas-oil ratio and gas dryness coefficient.This study not only clarifies the characteristics of the superdeep geothermal field in the Tabei-Northern Aman area,but also discusses the relationship between the superdeep geothermal field and the oil and gas geochemical properties of the Lower Paleozoic,which are of great significance to the future hydrocarbon exploration in the superdeep marine carbonate rocks.
作者
李丹
常健
邱楠生
吴鲜
王祥
韩俊
李慧莉
LI Dan;CHANG Jian;QIU NanSheng;WU Xian;WANG Xiang;HAN Jun;LI HuiLi(State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China;Research Center for Basin and Reservoir,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China;Northwest Petroleum Company,SINOPEC,Urumqi 830011,China;Tarim Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Korla Xinjiang 841000,China;Sinopec Petroleum Exploration&Production Research Institute,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《地球物理学报》
SCIE
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第8期3353-3373,共21页
Chinese Journal of Geophysics
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42272135和U19B6003)资助。
关键词
塔里木盆地
塔北—阿满北部地区
超深层
地温场
油气地球化学性质
Tarim Basin
Tabei—Northern Aman area
Superdeep layers
Geotemperature field
Formation petroleum geochemical characteristics
