摘要
扩散加权成像(diffusion weighted imaging, DWI)是检测人体水分子微观运动的非侵入性检查方法,单指数模型DWI可用表观扩散系数(apparent diffusion coefficient, ADC)定量评价水分子扩散运动中受限的方向和程度,间接反映组织内微观结构的变化及特点,其结果包含纯水分子与微循环血液灌注二者的重叠效应。双指数模型DWI指体素内不相干运动(intravoxel incoherent motion, IVIM)成像,是在单指数模型DWI的基础上发展的多b值DWI,能够准确区分组织内纯水分子扩散信息和微循环血流灌注信息。由于二者对微观结构变化的高敏感性,在诊断疾病、评估疾病活动程度及预后效果中具有重要应用价值,为临床提供有效影像证据支持,因此单指数模型DWI和IVIM成像目前在自身免疫性疾病中的应用越来越广泛。笔者对单指数模型DWI及IVIM成像现今在自身免疫性脑炎、自身免疫性肝炎、自身免疫性胰腺炎、强直性脊柱炎、免疫性肾脏疾病及大动脉炎中的应用进行综述,旨在了解其在自身免疫性疾病中的应用现状及进展,进一步探究二者广泛应用于自身免疫性疾病的前景及不足。
Diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)is a non-invasive method to detect the micro movement of water molecules in human body.Apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)of mono-exponential DWI can be used for quantitative evaluation of the direction and degree of restriction in the diffusion motion of water molecules,which indirectly reflected the changes and characteristics of microstructure in the organization.However,the result is a superposition of both pure water molecules and perfusion-related diffusion.Bi-exponential DWI,also called intravoxel incoherent motion(IVIM)imaging is based on mono-exponential DWI,a kind of multi-b DWI,which can distinguish the diffusion of pure water molecules and perfusion-related diffusion precisely.Due to their high sensitivity to microstructure changes,mono-exponential DWI and IVIM imaging have important application value in diagnosis of disease,evaluation of disease activity and prognosis,providing effective imaging evidence for clinical,therefore conventional DWI and IVIM imaging are being used more and more widely in autoimmune diseases.The author reviewed the application progress of mono-exponential DWI and IVIM imaging in autoimmune encephalitis,autoimmune hepatitis,autoimmune pancreatitis,ankylosing spondylitis,immune nephropathy and Takayasu arteritis,aimed to elaborate the current situation and progress of their application in autoimmune diseases and further explore the prospects and shortcomings of their extensive application in autoimmune diseases.
作者
田曼婷
丁长伟
TIAN Manting;DING Changwei(Department of Radiology,Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University,Shenyang 110004,China)
出处
《磁共振成像》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第8期158-164,共7页
Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging
基金
辽宁省自然科学基金(编号:20170541045)。
关键词
自身免疫性疾病
磁共振成像
扩散加权成像
体素内不相干运动成像
autoimmune diseases
magnetic resonance imaging
diffusion weighted imaging
intravoxel incoherent motion imaging
