摘要
随着大功率电子设备和电子通信技术的快速发展,如新兴的5G移动网络通信技术,开发高性能电磁干扰屏蔽材料已成为迫切的需求。聚合物基电磁屏蔽材料(PEMSM)由于其重量轻、可加工性强和电导率可调节等方面的优势而得到了长足的发展。日益复杂的应用环境和使用条件对PEMSM的功能性提出了更高的要求。本文首先讨论了电磁屏蔽的关键概念和损耗机制(反射、吸收和多次反射);其次总结了目前PEMSM的结构,包括均质结构、隔离结构、多孔结构和层状结构等,其中均质结构加工流程简单,隔离结构可降低材料的导电逾渗阈值,多孔结构有助于电磁波的多次反射和吸收,层状结构可以使电磁波在材料内部多次反射;然后详细介绍了功能型PEMSM的研究进展,涉及的功能包括耐久性、超疏水、抗菌性和电热性等;最后对功能性PEMSM的发展趋势进行了展望。
With the rapid development of high-power electronic equipment and electronic communication technology such as the emerging 5G mobile network communication technology,the development of highperformance electromagnetic interference shielding materials has become a desideratum.Polymer-based electromagnetic shielding materials(PEMSM)have been widely applied due to their advantages of lightweight,machinability,and adjustable conductivity.The increasingly complex application environment and operating conditions put forward higher requirements for the functionality of PEMSM.This paper firstly discusses the key concepts and loss mechanism of electromagnetic shielding(reflection,absorption,and multiple reflections),and then summarizes the current structural design of electromagnetic shielding composites including homogeneous structure,segregation structure,porous structure,and layered structure.The process of homogeneous structure is simple,and segregation structure can reduce the conductivity percolation threshold of materials.The porous structure is helpful for electromagnetic waves reflection and absorption,and the layered structure can make electromagnetic wave reflect inside the material many times.The research progress of PEMSM with the functions such as durability,superhydrophobicity,antibacterial property,Joule heating property,etc.is introduced in detail.Finally,the development of PEMSM is prospected.
作者
张文博
王佳宁
卫林峰
金花
鲍艳
马建中
Wenbo Zhang;Jianing Wang;Linfeng Wei;Hua Jin;Yan Bao;Jianzhong Ma(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;Xi’an Rare Metal Materials Institute Co.Ltd,Xi’an 710016,China;School of Design and Creativity,Wenzhou Polytechnic University,Wenzhou 325000,China;College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering(College of Flexible Electronics),Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710021,China)
出处
《化学进展》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第7期1065-1076,共12页
Progress in Chemistry
基金
国家自然科学基金(No.21908141,52073164)
陕西省重点研发计划(No.2019GY-171)
浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(No.LGG21E030003)资助。
关键词
聚合物基电磁屏蔽材料
电磁屏蔽
结构设计
功能型复合材料
polymer-based electromagnetic shielding materials
electromagnetic shielding
structural design
functional composites
