摘要
为了缓解民勤蜜瓜种植上存在的连作障碍问题,以民勤蜜瓜银蒂为试验材料,采用大田试验,选用新型改良材料蚯蚓粪、根际促生菌、EM微生物菌剂,设置5种施肥处理,分别为OPE、OP、OE、O、CK,测定蜜瓜生长指标、产量、营养品质、土壤养分和酶活性,探讨蚯蚓粪有机肥和微生物菌剂配施在民勤蜜瓜栽培中的应用效果。结果表明,蚯蚓粪和微生物菌剂配施能够增加蜜瓜株高、茎粗、最大叶面积;蚯蚓粪和微生物菌剂配施显著提高土壤微生物活性,增加土壤酶活性,脲酶、过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶表现为成熟期酶活性较开花期酶活性高;多酚氧化酶和硝酸还原酶活性则是开花期酶活性高于成熟期;蚯蚓粪和微生物菌剂配施显著提高蜜瓜土壤有机质含量(4.45%~25.62%),微生物碳、微生物氮含量均呈现增加的趋势,表现为OPE和OP处理含量最高,对其余养分的影响较小;蚯蚓粪和微生物菌剂配施能够显著提高蜜瓜维生素C含量、可溶性蛋白含量和可溶性糖含量,降低蜜瓜有机酸含量和硝酸盐含量,产量较对照增加了8.93%~29.59%。利用隶属函数综合评价分析各处理间改良效果,综合评价指数排序OPE处理得分最高,其次是OP、OE、O和CK,蚯蚓粪和两种微生物菌剂配施效果最好,蚯蚓粪和单一菌剂配施效果次之,单施蚯蚓粪效果较差,根际促生菌较EM微生物菌剂效果好。
In order to alleviate the continuous cropping obstacles in Minqin honey dew melon cultivation,this study explored the application effect of earthworm manure organic fertilizer and microbial inoculants in Minqin honey dew melon cultivation.In this experiment,Minqin honey dew Yindi was used as the experimental material,and a field experiment was conducted.New improved materials such as earthworm dung,rhizosphere growth promoting bacteria,and EM microbial inoculants were selected.Five fertilization treatments,OPE,OP,OE,O,and CK,were set up to determine the growth index,yield,nutrient quality,soil nutrients,and enzyme activity of honeydew.The results showed that the combination of earthworm manure and microbial inoculants could increase the plant height,stem diameter,and maximum leaf area of honey dew melon;The combination of earthworm manure and microbial inoculants significantly increased soil microbial activity and soil enzyme activity.Urease,catalase,and alkaline phosphatase showed higher enzyme activity in mature stage than in flowering stage;The activities of polyphenol oxidase and nitrate reductase in flowering stage were higher than those in mature stage;The combination of earthworm manure and microbial inoculants significantly increased the organic matter content of honeydew soil(4.45%-25.62%),and the microbial carbon and microbial nitrogen content showed an increasing trend,with the highest content in T1 and T2 treatments,with a small impact on other nutrients;The combination of earthworm manure and microbial inoculants can significantly increase the vitamin C content,soluble protein,and soluble sugar content of honey dew melon,reduce the organic acid content and nitrate content of honeydew melon,and increase the yield per mu by 8.93%to 29.59%compared to the control.The comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the improvement effect among various treatments using the membership function showed that the comprehensive evaluation index ranked OPE treatment with the highest score,followed by OP,OE,O,and CK,The effect of earthworm manure combined with two microbial agents was the best,followed by earthworm manure combined with a single microbial agent.The effect of earthworm manure alone was poor,and the effect of rhizosphere growth promoting bacteria was better than that of EM microbial agent.
作者
马凤捷
杨春胤
宿翠翠
张靖
王振龙
施志国
刘强
MA Fengjie;YANG Chunyin;SU Cuicui;ZHANG Jing;WANG Zhenlong;SHI Zhiguo;LIU Qiang(Gansu Academy of Agricultural Engineering and Technology,Wuwei 730006,China;Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Safe Utilization of Special Medicinal Plants,Wuwei 733006,China;Wuwei City Agricultural Soil Improvement and Cultivated Land Conservation Technology Innovation Center,Wuwei 733006,China)
出处
《黑龙江农业科学》
2023年第9期25-34,共10页
Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
甘肃省青年科技基金项目(22JR5RA791)
甘肃省科技技术项目-民生科技专项-社会发展专题(21CX6FA028)
甘肃省软科学基金项目(23JRZH346)。
关键词
蚯蚓粪
微生物菌剂
蜜瓜
品质
土壤酶活性
vermicompost
microbial agents
honey dew melon
quality
soil enzyme activities
