摘要
目的通过对我国28个省份老年人生活质量的评价,了解老年人生活质量水平、空间分异特征和群组差异,提出提升老年人生活质量的对策。方法基于中国健康与养老追踪调查2015年数据,从主观、客观2个层面构建评价生活质量的指标体系,采用熵值法对指标权重赋值,并从空间分异、人口特征角度对老年人生活质量进行评价与解析。结果我国老年人口生活质量位于中等和中低水平的省份合计占28个样本的60.71%,生活质量水平呈东高西低态势,自东向西呈阶梯式递减,但西部欠发达省份的老年人主观生活质量得分高于东部发达省份;老年人生活质量在性别、年龄上存在群组差异,在城乡间存在差异。结论我国老年人口生活质量整体偏低,地区间、群组间差异表现突出。需努力缩小地区差异,对女性老人、低龄老人、农村老人应给予更多关照以提升其生活质量。
I Objective To investigate the quality of life(QoL)of the elderly in 28 provinces of China and its spatial differentiation characteristics and group differences and propose countermeasures to improve the QoL of the elderly.Methods Based on the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2015,we constructed an indicator system for evaluating the QoL from both subjective and objective perspectives.The weights of the indicators were assigned by using the entropy method,and the QoL of the elderly was evaluated based on the spatial differentiation and demographic characteristics.Results Of the 28 provinces studied,60.71%had middle or lower-middle levels of QoL among their elderly populations.The QoL level decreased in a stepwise fashion from eastern to western provinces.However,the western provinces,though less developed,had higher subjective QoL scores among the elderly population.There were variations in the QoL of elderly people concerning their gender and age,as well as differences between urban and rural areas.Conclusions In general,elderly people in China have a low QoL,showing significant inter-regional and intergroup variations.Efforts should be undertaken to lessen the regional differences,and special care should be given to elderly individuals who are female,junior,or living in rural areas to enhance their QoL.
作者
王春玲
Wang Chunling(Shanghai Sipo Polytechnic,Shanghai 200120,China)
出处
《中国医疗管理科学》
2023年第5期35-41,共7页
Chinese Journal Of Medical Management Sciences
关键词
老年人
生活质量评价
空间分布
28个省份
Elderly
Quality of life assessment
Spatial distribution
28 provinces
