摘要
在风险社会与网络时代的双重交织下,有效保障档案安全成为助力档案事业健康发展的前提。虽然近年来我国档案行政法律不断进行调整与优化,但自1979年《刑法》制定至今,档案犯罪立法却一直停滞不前。无论是档案业务的网络化革新,还是档案价值的稳步提升,均需刑法在结构与规模上进行适当调整。对此,可在“集体法益有限保护”“档案法益直接保护”“刑法介入最小必要性”等原则的指导下,在刑法中专设一节“妨害安全管理罪”,并增加以“行为要素”和“情节要素”为核心犯罪构成的“伪造、变造档案罪”与“非法获取国家电子档案罪”。唯其如此,才能在确保刑罚权有限介入档案行政管理的前提下,实现刑法对档案安全有力且高效的保障。
Under the dual interweaving of risk society and Internet age,effective protection of archives security has become a prerequisite for the healthy development of the archives industry.Although our country's archives administrative laws have been continuously adjusted and optimized in recent years,the legislation of archives crimes has been stagnant since the formulation of the Criminal Law in 1979.Whether it is the network innovation of archives business or the steady improvement of archives value,the criminal law needs to be adjusted appropriately in terms of structure and scale.In this regard,under the guidance of principles such as"limited protection of collective legal interests","direct protection of archives legal interests",and"minimum necessity of criminal law intervention",a special section"crime of obstructing safety management"can be added to the criminal law,and"elements of behavior"can be added and"plot elements"are the core crimes of"forgery and alteration of archives"and"illegal acquisition of national electronic archives".Only in this way the powerful and efficient guarantee of the criminal law on the security of archives can be realized under the premise of ensuring that the criminal power is limited to intervene in archives administration.
作者
秦长森
QIN Changsen(School of Law,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189)
出处
《档案学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第4期57-64,共8页
Archives Science Study
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目“预防性犯罪化立法冲击下刑法教义学的应对与发展研究”(22AFX008)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
档案安全
刑法保护
电子档案
集体法益
archives security
criminal law protection
electronic archives
collection of legal interests
