摘要
滨海盐沼、红树林和海草床蓝碳湿地生态系统具有高效的固碳-储碳能力,准确测定滨海蓝碳湿地生态系统碳汇速率,对于评估滨海湿地碳中和能力、生态恢复新增碳汇规模及碳贸易至关重要。深入思考滨海蓝碳湿地生态系统碳汇定义的内涵,提出狭义碳汇和广义碳汇的概念,介绍沉积物碳累积+植被净初级生产力法以及生态系统碳通量收支法2个目前国际上应用最多的滨海蓝碳湿地碳汇速率测定方法,特别是深入分析作为开放系统的滨海盐沼生态系统和海草床生态系统碳汇速率测定面临的诸多问题与挑战,梳理中国红树林、滨海盐沼和海草床生态系统碳汇速率的测定结果及国家尺度滨海蓝碳湿地生态系统碳汇规模,最后提出中国在滨海蓝碳湿地碳汇速率测定实践中急需加强的基础研究领域,以期为科学地计量中国滨海蓝碳湿地生态系统碳汇速率与碳汇规模提供方法参考和技术支撑。
Coastal vegetated wetlands(coastal blue carbon wetland ecosystem)sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide at higher rates.Coastal blue carbon wetland ecosystems occupy<2%of the marine seascape,however are estimated to contribute around 50%of the ocean's organic carbon storage,largely within an accreting soil-sediment column.It is important to measure carbon sink rates of different coastal blue carbon wetland ecosystems(mangrove,salt marsh,and seagrass)for estimating carbon neutralization capacity at regional scale,new carbon sequestration after ecological restoration,and promoting carbon trade.In this study,we deeply thought the definition of carbon sink rates of coastal blue carbon wetland ecosystem,proposed the definition of broad and narrow coastal blue wetland carbon sink.Two most common methods for measuring carbon sink rates of coastal mangrove,salt marsh and seagrass meadow ecosystem were introduced,which were ecosystem net carbon fluxes method,and sediment organic carbon accumulation+vegetation net primary productivity(NPP)method.Continuous eddy covariance deployments on single atmospheric towers or benthic frames have been well deployed,and at present is a very important method for measuring ecosystem net carbon fluxes.Organic carbon accumulation down through the wetland sediment column is often taken as the measure of coastal wetland carbon sequestration because of its capacity to record long-term variability and trends.We also deeply analyzed the problem and challenges when measuring carbon sink rates for open coastal salt marsh and seagrass meadow ecosystem;and reviewed the results of estimating blue carbon sinks rates and sizes at national scale in China.Finally,we proposed some basic research domains that needed to strengthen in the measurement of blue carbon sink in China.They included(1)to compare two main methods of measuring blue carbon sink rates in the typical coastal wetland plant communities and habits in China,and establish scientific and feasible measurement methods;(2)to build more integrate and typical observation network of surface elevation and eddy covariance flux towers in coastal blue wetlands;(3)to establish allometric equations of different mangrove plant species and coastal salt-marsh plant species;(4)to study roles and contributions of above-ground NPP of salt-marsh and seagrass meadow ecosystem in carbon sink measurement,and to determine how many detritus and litter overflow from salt-marsh and seagrass meadow into sea;(5)to measure contents of recalcitrant carbon(such black carbon)and macroplastic debris carbon in sediment column,and indentify allochthonous and autochthonous carbon sources in coastal blue carbon wetland ecosystem.
作者
仝川
罗敏
陈鹭真
黄佳芳
TONG Chuan;LUO Min;CHEN Luzhen;HUANG Jiafang(School of Geographical Science,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China;Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-tropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education,Fuzhou 350117,China;College of Environment and Safety Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350116,China;College of the Environment and Ecology,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第17期6937-6950,共14页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3105401)
国家自然科学基金项目(41877335,42177213)。
关键词
碳汇速率
计量
蓝碳
滨海湿地生态系统
中国
carbon sink rate
measurement
blue carbon
coastal wetland ecosystem
China
