摘要
为探究蚯蚓堆肥与生物炭对西瓜—白三叶草生境系统的作用机制,采用温室栽培试验,设置空白对照(西瓜植株,CK)、生物炭(B)、覆盖三叶草(W)、蚯蚓堆肥(V)及其组合WV、BV、WB和WBV等8个处理,比较分析蚯蚓堆肥与生物炭对西瓜—白三叶草复合系统的土壤养分、微生物群落结构及西瓜代谢组学特征的影响。结果表明,(1)与对照相比,复合处理的土壤容重降低,肥力提高,西瓜植株的养分吸收能力增强,WBV处理综合表现最优。(2)WBV处理土壤中微生物菌群丰富度相比对照下降,其中放线菌门、变形菌门、厚壁菌门细菌以及被孢霉门真菌的相对丰度明显提升,绿弯菌门、酸杆菌门和芽单胞菌门的相对丰度下降;各复合处理土壤中微生物菌群Shannon指数、Chao 1指数均表现为BV>WB>CK>WV>WBV。(3)WBV处理组西瓜果肉检测到110种差异代谢物,其中19种代谢物为WBV处理独有,包括亚麻酸、裂解型磷脂酰胆碱、磷酰肌醇酸等脂质化合物,以及丙氨酸、天冬氨酸与谷氨酸等氨基酸。研究发现,覆盖三叶草+生物炭+蚯蚓堆肥复合系统可显著提高土壤养分含量,促进西瓜对氮、磷元素吸收,同时改善土壤微生物环境,改变西瓜植株代谢水平,提升其生物膜受保护能力和细胞渗透调节能力,从而增强其抗逆能力。
To explore the mechanisms of the effects of vermicompost and biochar on the watermelon-white clover ecosystem,a greenhouse cultivation experiment was conducted.Eight treatments,including a control group(CK),biochar(B),white clover(W),vermicompost(V),and their combinations(WV,BV,WB,and WBV),were set up to compare and analyze the effects of vermicompost and biochar on soil nutrients,microbial community structure,and watermelon metabolomics.The results showed that:(1)Compared with the control group,the bulk density of the composite treatment decreased,the soil fertility improved,and the nutrient absorption capacity of watermelon plants increased,with the WBV treatment showing the best overall performance.(2)The microbial community richness of the soil in the WBV treatment decreased compared with that of the control group,with the relative abundance of Actinobacteria,Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,and Ascomycota fungi significantly increased,while the relative abundance of Chloroflexi,Acidobacteria,and Verrucomicrobia decreased.The Shannon and Chao 1 indices of the microbial community in the soil of each composite treatment were ranked as BV>WB>CK>WV>WBV.(3)A total of 110 different metabolites were detected in the watermelon flesh of the WBV treatment group,including 19 unique metabolites such as linoleic acid,lysophosphatidylcholine,and phosphatidylinositol,as well as amino acids such as alanine,aspartic acid,and glutamic acid.The study found that the composite system of white clover,biochar,and vermicompost could significantly increase soil nutrient content,promote the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus by watermelon,improve the soil microbial environment,change the metabolic level of watermelon plants,enhance their biological membrane protection ability and cell osmotic regulation ability,and improve their resistance.
作者
王帅
徐广亚
杨海波
朱红艳
尹翠
曹云娥
WANG Shuai;XU Guangya;YANG Haibo;ZHU Hongyan;YIN Cui;CAO Yun e(School of Wine&Horticulture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)
出处
《西北植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第8期1332-1343,共12页
Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica
基金
宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2021BBF02025)。
关键词
瓜草复合系统
蚯蚓堆肥
生物炭
土壤营养
土壤菌群
代谢组学
watermelon-white clover compounding system
vermicomposting
biochar
soil nutrient
soil microbial
metabolomics
