摘要
地域差异促使中国古代士人群体呈现相对多样的面貌。科举制是宋代士人最重要的入仕途径,而宋廷对各地士人的科举政策不尽相同,该情况为考察宋代士人的地域差异性提供了宝贵的切入点。北宋时期,河北路是宋方御辽守国的首要藩屏。宋真宗朝,宋廷对河北路士人进行科举加恩,以期应对战争压力,巩固对河北路的管控。宋廷为何以优待“文士”的方式经营“武事”?重要的原因是河北路士人与当地基层头面人物、富户群体多有重合。虽然河北路士人文武素养相对混杂、平庸,但具有群体性影响力,是大战中协助宋方守城、维持统治的重要力量。宋真宗朝的科举加恩政策,反映了宋廷对河北路士人特殊面貌的认识,推动着宋王朝对河北路的统治向纵深发展。
Regional differences contributed to the diversity of ancient Chinese scholars.In the Song dy-nasty,the imperial examination system was the most important way for scholars to engage in politics,but the imperial examination policies were different for scholars in different places.This situation provides a valuable perspective to understand the regional differences of scholars in the Song dynasty.During the Northern Song dynasty,Hebei Circuit was the major frontier for the empire to defend the Liao.During Song Zhenzong’s reign,the imperial court granted imperial examinations to scholars in Hebei Circuit in order to cope with the pressure of war and enhance the control over Hebei Circuit.Why did the imperial court deal with the military issue in a way that gave preferential treatment to the“literati”?It must be noted that a great number of schol-ars in Hebei Circuit were local grassroots figures and belonged to wealthy groups.Although their civil and mili-tary qualities were not relatively prominent,they had great influence and were important in assisting the empire in defending cities and maintaining its rule during the war.Song Zhenzong’s imperial examination policy re-flected the imperial court’s understanding of the special features of Hebei scholars,promoting the Song dynas-ty’s rule on Hebei Circuit.
作者
何天白
HE Tianbai(School of History,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)
出处
《浙江师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
2023年第5期13-21,共9页
Journal of Zhejiang Normal University(Social Sciences)
基金
国家社科基金青年项目“五代北宋河北守御问题研究”(22CZS020)。
关键词
宋代科举
地方士人
河北路
区域史
宋辽战争
imperial examination in the Song dynasty
local scholars
Hebei Circuit
regional and local history
Song-Liao war
