摘要
为探究近10年华北背景大气PM_(2.5)中重金属的变化特征,分别于2011年12月至2013年1月(Ⅰ期)和2019年9月至2021年11月(Ⅱ期),在位于渤海中部的砣矶岛国家大气背景监测站各采集71个和160个PM_(2.5)样品,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定样品中重金属浓度,对比Ⅰ期与Ⅱ期重金属浓度、来源及健康风险.结果表明,Ⅱ期砣矶岛ρ(PM_(2.5))均值为(54.06±39.71)μg·m^(-3),比Ⅰ期浓度低3.53μg·m^(-3).Ⅱ期PM_(2.5)中ρ(Zn)、ρ(Mn)、ρ(As)、ρ(Pb)和ρ(V)比Ⅰ期分别降低了54.53、172.63、0.8、79.06和3.81 ng·m^(-3),而ρ(Cr)、ρ(Cu)、ρ(Cd)和ρ(Ni)分别升高了2.01、5.42、3.03和3.55 ng·m^(-3).PMF结果表明,Ⅱ期污染源贡献率大小为:工业排放源(32.32%)>燃煤源(27.47%)>机动车排放(23.70%)>船舶排放(9.69%)>扬尘源(6.83%),与Ⅰ期相比,扬尘源和船舶排放源对砣矶岛PM_(2.5)中金属的贡献率分别降低20.73%和8.83%,燃煤源和工业排放的贡献率分别增加2.50%和13.52%.Ⅱ期重金属总致癌风险增加,主要以Cr和Cd的贡献为主,总非致癌风险降低,以Mn贡献为主.因此,在大气污染治理进程中要进一步加强对Cr、Cd和Mn等重金属的污染源的管控.
To explore the change features of PM_(2.5)-bound metals in a background site of North China in the past ten years,71 and 160 samples were collected from December 2011 to January 2013(periodⅠ)and from September 2019 to November 2021(periodⅡ)in Tuoji Island National Atmospheric Monitoring Station,respectively.The concentration of metals sampled was determined using ICP-MS,and the concentrations,sources,and health risks of heavy metals were compared.The results revealed that the average concentration of PM_(2.5) was(54.06±39.71)μg·m^(-3)during periodⅡ,which was 3.53 ng·m^(-3) lower than that during periodⅠ.The concentrations of Zn,Mn,As,Pb,and V in stageⅡdecreased by 54.53,172.63,0.8,79.06,and 3.81 ng·m^(-3),respectively,whereas the concentrations of Cr,Cu,Cd,and Ni increased by 2.01,5.42,3.03,and 3.55 ng·m^(-3),respectively.The PMF model results indicated that the biggest contributor to PM_(2.5)-bound metal was industrial emissions(32.32%),followed by coal combustion(27.47%),vehicle emissions(23.70%),ship emissions(9.69%),and dust sources(6.83%)during periodⅡ.The contribution ratio of dust sources and ship emissions decreased by 20.73%and 8.83%,respectively,whereas for coal combustion and industrial emissions it increased by 2.50%and 13.52%,respectively,when compared with that during periodⅠ.The total carcinogenic risk induced by PM_(2.5)-bound heavy metals of periodⅡincreased,with the highest contributions by Cr and Cd.The total non-carcinogenic risk decreased,with Mn contributing the most.Therefore,in the process of air pollution control,the control of pollution sources of heavy metals such as Cr and Mn should be reinforced.
作者
石晓兰
宗政
彭辉
张欣捷
孙溶
王晓平
田崇国
SHI Xiao-lan;ZONG Zheng;PENG Hui;ZHANG Xin-jie;SUN Rong;WANG Xiao-ping;TIAN Chong-guo(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Process and Ecological Remediation,Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yantai 264003,China;Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Process,Yantai 264003,China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Ludong University,Yantai 264025,China)
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期5335-5343,共9页
Environmental Science
基金
国家自然科学基金委-山东省联合基金项目(U1906215)
国家自然科学基金项目(41977190,42177089)。
