摘要
“生态正义”和“环境正义”是我国学术界在论述生态文明理论的价值指向和生态文明建设的价值归宿时广泛使用的词汇,在对二者及其关系的理解上,长期存在着不同看法,主要体现为“一致论”和“差异论”两种观点。笔者认为,不能把这种争论简单看作语词之争,而应视为如何看待和解决生态危机,以及如何建构生态文明理论的不同思路和理论谱系,即到底是从社会制度和生产方式的维度,还是仅仅从抽象的生态价值观维度看待生态危机和建构生态文明理论。本文系统论述了我国学术界关于“生态正义”和“环境正义”的不同理解及二者相互关系的争论,梳理了生态文明理论建构上的两种思路和理论谱系之间的区别,回顾和反思了我国生态文明理论研究的历程,提出应当立足中国生态文明建设的现实,结合当代全球生态文明建设的争论,以历史唯物主义为理论基础,以历史唯物主义的“环境正义”为价值指向和价值归宿,建构既捍卫中国的生存权、环境权和发展权,又能够推进全球生态文明建设的具有自主知识体系的中国生态文明理论。
In Chinese scholarly discourse,the terms“ecological justice”and“environmental justice”frequently appear as focal points for discussing the value orientation and ultimate aim of the eco-civilization theory and the pursuit of eco-civilization.However,consensus has yet to be reached regarding the precise meaning and interrelationship of these terms,which have primarily given rise to two contrasting perspectives:the“Uniformity View”and the“Divergence View.”The authors posit that such debates should not be reduced to semantic disagreements but should be recognized as manifestations of divergent theoretical approaches to solving the ecological crisis and developing a robust theory of eco-civilization.These approaches differ chiefly in whether they address the crisis and its solutions through the lens of social systems and production methods,or from a more abstract perspective centered on ecological values.This paper offers a comprehensive analysis of these contrasting interpretations and their associated debates within the Chinese intellectual community.It also elucidates the differences between the two predominant theoretical frameworks in eco-civilization studies.Drawing upon the historical progression of ecological thought in China,the paper suggests that a comprehensive theory of eco-civilization should be established on the principles of historical materialism.By adopting“environmental justice”as articulated within the framework of historical materialism,this theory would serve both as a value orientation and as an ultimate aim.In doing so,it aims not only to defend China's rights to existence,environmental integrity,and development,but also to make meaningful contributions to the global discourse and efforts in building an ecological civilization,all within a uniquely Chinese intellectual construct.
作者
王雨辰
张佳
Wang Yuchen;Zhang Jia
出处
《马克思主义与现实》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第5期32-40,201,共10页
Marxism & Reality
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目“党的十八大以来党领导生态文明建设的理论创新与实践经验研究”[项目编号:22AZD090]
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大专项一般项目“习近平生态文明思想对人类生态文明思想的革命及其当代价值研究”[项目编号:2022JZDZ019]的阶段性研究成果。
